Health Belief Model: Selfcare Penderita Hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Kalirejo Kabupaten Pesawaran
Abstract
Sebanyak 1,13 juta orang di seluruh dunia menderita Hipertensi, prevalensi penderita Hipertensi di dunia adalah 22%, dimana prevalensi tertinggi berada di Afrika 27%, dan terendah di Amerika 18% (WHO, 2020). Pada tahun 2019 Hipertensi merupakan penyakit menular tertinggi dengan 2.630 kasus di Puskesmas Kalirejo. Self-care adalah strategi utama dari promosi kesehatan pada level individu dan merupakan pergeseran filosofi dari “(upaya) penyembuhan (penyakit)” menjadi filosofi ”peduli (kesehatan)” khususnya pengendalian penyakit kronis seperti Hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan komponen HBM dengan self-care Hipertensi di wilayah kerja UPT.Kalirejo Kabupaten Pesawaran. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan pengambilan data primer. Sampel sebesar 360 responden dan cara pengambilan sampel secara cluster random sampling lalu kemudian dianalisis dengan chi square dan regresi logistik. Terdapat hubungan Self-care Hipertensi dengan jenis kelamin (p-value <0.001; OR 2.6), perceived susceptibility (p-value <0.001; OR 3.4), perceived severity (p-value 0.004 OR= 5,1), perceived benefit (p-value <0.001; OR=2,3), Perceived barrier (p-value <0.001;), perceived self-eficacy (p-value <0.001; OR 5.4), cues to action (p-value <0.001; OR 2.8). Variabel yang dominan berhubungan dengan Self-Care adalah jenis kelamin. Saran: hendaknya meningkatkan kegiatan edukasi pada kelompok sasaran khususnya perempuan penderita Hipertensi dalam kerangka Germas dan PIS-PK.
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