Pengaruh latihan isometric handgrip terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi pada lansia: Literature review
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease, which occurs in systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg and diastolic 90 mmHg. The Elderly is one of the factors of hypertension. Prevalence of Hypertension according to Riskesdas 2018, Hypertension occurs in the age group of 31-44 years (31.6%), age 45-54 years (45.3%), and age 55-64 years (55.2%). Physical activity that can be used to lower blood pressure is the Isometric Handgrip Exercise which is done with static exercises on contracting muscles, without any change in muscle length or hand joint movement.
Purpose: Analyzing research articles related to the effect of isometric handgrip exercise on blood pressure in patients with hypertension in the elderly.
Method: A literature Review method using a systematic design with a research sample of 11 journals consisting of 2 national journals and 9 international journals indexed by ISSN and DOI, the sample collection technique is using purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria in it, feasibility evaluation data using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Quasy Experimental.
Results: Based on the evaluation of the feasibility of scoring, 9 international journals, and 2 national journals were included in category A (strong recommendation).
Conclusion: Shows that there is an effect of isometric handgrip exercise on blood pressure in patients with hypertension in the elderly.
Suggestion: The results of this Literature Review are expected to be the basis for providing complementary interventions for hypertension drugs in community settings and also for the development of further research.
Keywords: Isometric Handgrip; Hypertension; Elderly.
Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular, yang terjadi pada tekanan darah sistolik ≥140 mmHg dan diastolik ≥90 mmHg. Lansia merupakan salah satu faktor terjadinya Hipertensi. Prevalensi Hipertensi menurut Riskesdas 2018, Hipertensi terjadi pada kelompok usia 31-44 tahun (31,6%), usia 45-54 tahun (45,3%), usia 55-64 tahun (55,2%). Aktivitas fisik yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan tekanan darah adalah Latihan Isometric Handgrip yang dilakukan dengan latihan statis pada otot yang berkontraksi, tanpa adanya perubahan pada panjang otot atau pergerakan sendi tangan.
Tujuan: Menganalisis artikel penelitian terkait latihan isometric handgrip terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi pada lansia.
Metode: Penelitian Literature Review dengan menggunakan desain Systematic dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 11 jurnal yang terdiri dari 2 jurnal Nasional dan 9 jurnal Internasional yang terindeks ISSN dan DOI, tekhnik pengumpulan sampel yaitu menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi didalamnya, evaluasi kelayakan data menggunakan JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analitycal Quasy Experimental.
Hasil: Berdasarkan dari evaluasi kelayakan scoring didapatkan 9 jurnal Internasional dan 2 artikel Nasional yang termasuk dalam kategori A (rekomendasi kuat).
Simpulan: Analisa hasil penelitian literature review ini menunjukan ada pengaruh latihan isometric handgrip terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi pada lansia.
Saran: Hasil Literature Review ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar dalam memberikan intervensi pendamping obat hipertensi di tatanan komunitas dan juga pengembangan penelitian lanjutan.
Keywords
References
Andri, J., Waluyo, A., Jumaiyah, W., & Nastashia, D. (2018). Efektivitas Isometric Handgrip Exercise dan Slow Deep Breathing Exercise terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 2(1), 371-384.
Azizah, L. M. R. (2011). Keperawatan lanjut usia.
Badrov, M. B., Bartol, C. L., DiBartolomeo, M. A., Millar, P. J., McNevin, N. H., & McGowan, C. L. (2013). Effects of isometric handgrip training dose on resting blood pressure and resistance vessel endothelial function in normotensive women. European journal of applied physiology, 113(8), 2091-2100.
Badrov, M. B., Bartol, C. L., DiBartolomeo, M. A., Millar, P. J., McNevin, N. H., & McGowan, C. L. (2013). Effects of isometric handgrip training dose on resting blood pressure and resistance vessel endothelial function in normotensive women. European journal of applied physiology, 113(8), 2091-2100.
Badrov, M. B., Horton, S., Millar, P. J., & McGowan, C. L. (2013). Cardiovascular stress reactivity tasks successfully predict the hypotensive response of isometric handgrip training in hypertensives. Psychophysiology, 50(4), 407-414.
Buford, T. W. (2016). Hypertension and aging. Ageing research reviews, 26, 96-111. diakses tanggal 21 Maret 2020 https://repository.unje.ac.id)
Carlson, D.J., Inder, J., Palanisamy, S.K., McFarlane, J. R., Dieberg, G., & Smart, N. A (2016). The efficacy of isometric resistance training utilizing Handgrip exercise for blood pressure management: a randomized trial. Medicine, 95 (52). https://dx.doi.org/10/1097%2FMD.0000000000005791 (diakses pada 8 Mei 2020)
Farah, B. Q., Rodrigues, S. L., Silva, G. O., Pedrosa, R. P., Correia, M. A., Barros, M. V., ... & Ritti-Dias, R. M. (2018). Supervised, but not home-based, isometric training improves brachial and central blood pressure in medicated hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in physiology, 9, 961.
Goessler, K. F., Buys, R., VanderTrappen, D., Vanhumbeeck, L., & Cornelissen, V. A. (2018). A randomized controlled trial comparing home-based isometric handgrip exercise versus endurance training for blood pressure management. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension, 12(4), 285-293.
Hess, N.C.L Carlson, D. J., Inder, J.D, Jesulola, E., McFarlane, J, R., & Smart, N.A (2016) Clinically Meaningfull Blood Pressuere Reductions with low intensity isometric Handgrip exercise. A randomized trial. Physiological research, 65 (3), 461 .ISSN 0862-8408 (print) • ISSN 1802-9973 (diakses pada 8 Mei 2020)
Huang, Q. X., Adams, B., Wicke, M., & Guibas, L. J. (2008, July). Non‐rigid registration under isometric deformations. In Computer Graphics Forum (Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 1449-1457). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018) Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tentang Prevalensi Hipertensi (diakses di www.kesmas.kemkes.go.id tanggal 28 Maret 2020)
Kisner, C., & Colby, L. A. (2007). Therapeutic exercises. Foundations and techniques, 6, 260-5.
Krause, T., Lovibond, K., Caulfield, M., McCormack, T., & Williams, B. (2011). Management of hypertension: summary of NICE guidance. Bmj, 343.
Kurniawati, F. (2018). Pengaruh senior elastic hand (seb) exercise terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi di UPT. Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Jember. (diakses di https://respository.unej.ac.id tanggal 28 Maret 2020)
McGowan, C. L., Proctor, D. N., Swaine, I., Brook, R. D., Jackson, E. A., & Levy, P. D. (2017). Isometric handgrip as an adjunct for blood pressure control: a primer for clinicians. Current hypertension reports, 19(6), 1-8.
Millar PJ, Levy AS, McGowan CL, et al. (2012) Isometric Handgrip training lowers blood pressure and increases heart rate complexity in medicated hypertensive patients. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2013;23:620–6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01435.x. (diakses pada 8 Mei 2020)
Nanda, N. (2015). Aplikasi Asuhan keperawatan berdasarkan diagnosa medis dan nanda. Jogjakarta: Mediaction.
Nugroho, W. (2000) Keperawatan Gerontik. Edisi 2. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit EGC.
Owen, A., Wiles, J., & Swaine, I. (2010). Effect of isometric exercise on resting blood pressure: a meta analysis. Journal of human hypertension, 24(12), 796-800.
Pagonas, N., Vlatsas, S., Bauer, F., Seibert, F. S., Zidek, W., Babel, N., & Westhoff, T. H. (2017). Aerobic versus isometric handgrip exercise in hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of hypertension, 35(11), 2199-2206.
Peters, P. G., Alessio, H. M., Hagerman, A. E., Ashton, T., Nagy, S., & Wiley, R. L. (2006). Short-term isometric exercise reduces systolic blood pressure in hypertensive adults: possible role of reactive oxygen species. International journal of cardiology, 110(2), 199-205.
Rahmawati, E., Dewi, A., & Sari, N. K. (2018). Perbandingan isometric handgrip exercise dan jalan kaki terhadap tekanan darah sistolik dan tekanan darah diastolik pada pasien hipertensi. Jurnal Keperawatan Notokusumo, 6(1), 12-23.
Stiller-Moldovan, C., Kenno, K., & McGowan, C. L. (2012). Effects of isometric handgrip training on blood pressure (resting and 24 h ambulatory) and heart rate variability in medicated hypertensive patients. Blood pressure monitoring, 17(2), 55-61.
Sumartyawati, N. M. (2016). Pengaruh Therapi Tertawa Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia Penderita Hipertensi Di Pstw Puspakarma Mataram. Jurnal Sangkareang Mataram, 2(1), 40-46.
Susiladewi, I. A. M. V., Widyanthari, D. M., & Adnyana, I. M. O. (2017). Pengaruh latihan isometrik terhadap tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Coping Community Publ Nurs, 5, 153-160.
World Health Organization. (2015) A globall brief on hypertension : silent killer, global public health crisis (diakses pada 30 Maret 2020) http://repository.poltekkes-kaltim.ac.id/1167/1/6.%20A%20Global%20Brief%20on%20Hypertention.pdf
Zakiah, Y. (2018). Pengaruh latihan isometrik handgrip terhadap perubahan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi kelompok prolanis upt puskesmas panghegar kota bandung tahun 2018.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v16i4.7548
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
