Pengaruh Konseling terhadap Perubahan Sikap dan Perilaku Pencegahan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I di Puskesmas Semanu 1 Gunungkidul

Sari

ABSTRACT

One of the maternal mortality causes in Indonesia is anemia. The higher number of anemia incidence in pregnant women signals a prevention such as by counselling for pregnant women. The study is to analyse the effect of counselling on attitude change and anemia prevention behaviour in trimester 1 pregnant women at Semanu 1 primary health centre of Gunungkidul in 2019. The type of the study was mixed method and the design was sequential explanatory and one group pre-test – post-test. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The quantitative instrument was questionnaire on attitude and behaviour of anemia prevention and the data were analysed using paired t-test and linear regression. The qualitative instrument was interview guidelines. Counselling was given at Semanu 1 primary health centre by using elective counselling method through anemia feedback form for pregnant women. Pre-test on attitude and behaviour was given before counselling and post-test was given 1 week after counselling.The result of the study showed that attitude and anemia prevention behaviour in pregnant women was improving after counselling. The attitude mean value before and after counselling was 4.250 and the behaviour mean value improvement before and after counselling was 1.625. The conclusion of the study is that there is an effect of attitude and behaviour of anemia prevention in trimester 1 pregnant women after counselling. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as a reference for the implementation of antenatal care (ANC), especially providing counselling in the management of anemia prevention in pregnant women.

Keywords : Counselling, Attitude, Behaviour, Anemia.

ABSTRAK

Salah satu penyebab kematian ibu di Indonesia adalah anemia. Semakin meningkatnya kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil maka perlu dilakukan upaya pencegahan anemia salah satunya adalah pemberian konseling pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling terhadap perubahan sikap dan perilaku pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil Trimester I di Puskesmas Semanu 1 Gunungkidul tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian adalah mixed method (campuran). Desain penelitian adalah sequential explanatory. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah one group pre test – post test. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen kuantitatif menggunakan kuesioner sikap dan perilaku pencegahan anemia, dianalisis menggunakan uji pair t- test dan uji regesi linear, instrumen kualitatif menggunakan pedoman wawancara. Konseling diberikan di Puskesmas Semanu I dengan metode ellective counselling menggunakan panduan lembar balik anemia pada ibu hamil. Pre test sikap dan perilaku diberikan sebelum konseling, dan post tes diberikan 1 minggu setelah konseling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sikap dan perilaku pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil mengalami peningkatan setelah konseling, dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata sikap sebelum dan setelah konseling sebesar 4.250, peningkatan nilai rata-rata perilaku sebelum dan setelah konseling sebesar 1.625. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh sikap dan perilaku pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil trimester I setelah diberikan konseling. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan pelaksanaan antenatal care (ANC) khususnya pemberian konseling dalam pengelolaan pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil.

Kata Kunci: Konseling, Sikap, Perilaku, Anemia