Perbedaan Rerata Usia Kehamilan dengan Munculnya Onset Preeklamsi Ringan, Berat, dan Eklamsi pada Ibu Hamil

Freddy Dinata, Fernando Nathaniel, William Gilbert Satyanegara, Joshua Kurniawan, Yohanes Firmansyah

Sari


ABSTRACT

 

Preeclampsia is a serious problem in pregnancy that causes significant morbidity and mortality in maternal, fetal, and neonatal health. Eclampsia is one of the most serious non-obstetric complications. Preeclampsia often occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy, particularly after 32 weeks of gestation. However, in some cases, preeclampsia can occur in other trimesters. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the relationship between gestational age and the occurrence of mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia using medical records from Ciawi Regional General Hospital from January to December 2020. The variables in this study consisted of basic characteristics of the respondents (maternal age and parity status), gestational age (in weeks), and maternal medical conditions divided into three groups (mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia). Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Out of 190 respondents, the average age of the mothers was 32 years, and the average gestational age was 36.2 weeks, with severe preeclampsia being the dominant medical condition (85.3%). The research findings revealed no significant difference in the mean gestational age among the three groups of pregnant mothers (P-value: 0.235). Further clinical review revealed that eclampsia occurred at an earlier gestational age compared to mild preeclampsia, which generally occurs in the late stages of pregnancy. The findings from this study are expected to contribute to a deeper understanding of preeclampsia and eclampsia to improve the quality of healthcare services.

 

Keywords: Eclampsia, Gestational Age, Preeclampsia

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Preeklamsi merupakan salah satu masalah pada kehamilan yang serius, kondisi tersebut menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pada maternal, fetal, dan neonatal yang signifikan. Eklamsi merupakan salah satu komplikasi non-obstetrik yang paling serius. Preeklamsi seringkali terjadi pada trimester tiga kehamilan, khususnya usia gestasi >32 minggu. Namun pada beberapa kasus preeklamsi dapat terjadi pada trimester lainnya. Penelitian potong lintang ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia kehamilan dengan kejadian preeklamsi ringan, preeklamsi berat dan eklamsi dengan menggunakan data rekam medis Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Ciawi pada periode Januari – Desember 2020. Variabel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari karakteristik dasar responden (usia ibu dan status paritas), usia kehamilan (minggu), serta kondisi medis ibu yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok (preeklamsi ringan, berat, dan eklamsi). Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis. Dari 190 responden, rata-rata usia ibu 32 tahun, rata-rata usia kehamilan adalah 36,2 minggu dengan kondisi medis didominasi oleh preeklamsi berat (85,3%). Hasil penelitian menemukan tidak ada perbedaan rerata usia kehamilan yang bermakna antara tiga kelompok ibu hamil (nilai P = 0,235). Peninjauan lebih lanjut secara klinis diketahui bahwa eklamsi terjadi pada usia kehamilan yang cenderung lebih awal dibandingkan preeklamsi ringan yang umumnya terjadi pada fase kehamilan aterm. Temuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu pemahaman yang lebih mendalam terkait preeklamsi dan eklamsi guna meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan.

 

Kata Kunci: Eklamsi, Preeklamsi, Usia gestasi


Teks Lengkap:

Download Artikel

Referensi


Aksornphusitaphong, A., & Phupong, V. (2013). Risk Factors Of Early And Late Onset Pre‐Eclampsia. Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology Research, 39(3), 627631.Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/J.1447-0756.2012.02010.X

American College Of Obstetricians And Gynecologists. (2020). Gestational Hypertension And Preeclampsia.Acog.Https://Www.Acog.Org/Clinical/ClinicalGuidance/PracticeBulletin/Articles/2020/06/GestationalHypertensionAndPreeclampsia

Boushra, M., Natesan, S. M., Koyfman, A., & Long, B. (2022). HighRiskAndLowPrevalenceDiseases: Eclampsia. The American JournalOf Emergency Medicine, 58,223228.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ajem.2022.06.004

Duhig, K., Vandermolen, B., & Shennan,A.(2018).RecentAdvancesInTheDiagnosisAndManagementOfPreEclampsia.F1000research,7,242.Https://Doi.Org/10.12688/F1000research.12249.1

Fishel Bartal, M., & Sibai, B. M. (2022). Eclampsia In The 21st Century. American Journal Of ObstetricsAndGynecology,226(2),S1237S1253.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ajog.2020.09.037

Ives, C. W., Sinkey, R., Rajapreyar, I., Tita, A. T. N., & Oparil, S. (2020). Preeclampsia—Pathophysiology And Clinical Presentations. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology, 76(14), 1690–1702. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jacc.2020.08.014

Jim, B., & Karumanchi, S. A. (2017). Preeclampsia: Pathogenesis, Prevention, And Long-Term Complications. Seminars In Nephrology, 37(4), 386–397. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Semnephrol.2017.05.011

Lisonkova, S., Bone, J. N., Muraca, G. M., Razaz, N., Wang, L. Q., Sabr, Y., Boutin, A., Mayer, C., & Joseph, K. S. (2021). Incidence And Risk Factors For Severe Preeclampsia, Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, And Low Platelet Count Syndrome, And Eclampsia At Preterm And Term Gestation: A Population-Based Study. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology, 225(5), 538.E1-538.E19. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ajog.2021.04.261

Lisonkova, S., & Joseph, K. S. (2013).IncidenceOfPreeclampsia: Risk Factors And Outcomes Associated With Early- Versus Late-Onset Disease. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology, 209(6), 544.E1-544.E12.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ajog.2013.08.019

Macedo, T. C. C., Montagna, E., Trevisan, C. M., Zaia, V., De Oliveira, R., Barbosa, C. P., Laganà, A. S., & Bianco, B. (2020). Prevalence Of Preeclampsia And Eclampsia In Adolescent Pregnancy: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of 291,247 Adolescents WorldwideSince 1969. European JournalOfObstetrics&GynecologyAndReproductiveBiology,248,177186.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ejogrb.2020.03.043

Magley, M., & Hinson, M. R. (2023). Eclampsia.Statpearls.Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Books/Nbk554392

Mohammedseid, S., Megersa, T., Kumbi, S., & Bisetayalew, M. (2017). Maternal Outcomes Of Pre-Eclampsia In An Ethiopian Gynecologic Hospital. Annals Of Medical And Health Sciences Research.

Pankiewicz, K., Szczerba, E., Maciejewski, T., & Fijałkowska, A.(2019).NonObstetricComplicationsInPreeclampsia.MenopausalReview,18(2),99109.Https://Doi.Org/10.5114/Pm.2019.85785

Peraçoli, J. C., Borges, V. T. M., Ramos, J. G. L., Cavalli, R. De C., Costa, S. H. De A. M., Oliveira, L. G. De, Souza, F. L. P. De, Korkes, H. A., Brum, I. R., Costa, M. L., Corrêa Junior, M. D., Sass, N., Diniz, A. L. D., Prado, C. A. De C., & Cunha Filho, E. V. Da. (2019). Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia. Revista Brasileira De Ginecologia E Obstetrícia / Rbgo Gynecology And Obstetrics, 41(05), 318–332.Https://Doi.Org/10.1055/S-0039-1687859

Phipps,E. A., Thadhani, R., Benzing, T., & Karumanchi, S. A. (2019). PreEclampsia:Pathogenesis,Novel Diagnostics And Therapies. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 15(5),275289.Https://Doi.Org/10.1038/S41581-019-0119-6

Say, L., Chou, D., Gemmill, A., Tunçalp, Ö., Moller, A.-B., Daniels, J., Gülmezoglu, A. M., Temmerman, M., & Alkema, L. (2014). Global Causes Of Maternal Death: A Who Systematic Analysis. The Lancet GlobalHealth,2(6),E323E333.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/S2214-109x(14)70227-X

Shen, M., Smith, G. N., Rodger, M., White, R. R., Walker, M. C., & Wen, S. W. (2017). Comparison Of Risk Factors And Outcomes OfGestationalHypertension And PreEclampia.PlosOne,12(4),E0175914.Https://Doi.Org/10.1371/Journal.Pone.0175914

Tanner, M. S., Davey, M.-A., Mol, B. W., & Rolnik, D. L. (2022). The Evolution Of The Diagnostic CriteriaOfPreeclampsiaEclampsia.AmericanJournalOfObstetricsAndGynecology,226(2),S835S843.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ajog.2021.11.1371

Tranquilli, A. L., Dekker, G., Magee, L., Roberts, J., Sibai, B. M., Steyn, W., Zeeman, G. G., & Brown, M. A. (2014). The Classification, Diagnosis And Management Of The Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy: A Revised Statement From The Isshp. Pregnancy Hypertension: An International Journal Of Women’sCardiovascular Health, 4(2),97104.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Preghy.2014.02.001

Tyas, B. D., Lestari, P., & Aldika Akbar, M. I. (2019). Maternal Perinatal Outcomes Related To Advanced Maternal Age In Preeclampsia Pregnant Women. Journal Of Family & Reproductive Health, 13(4), 191200.Http://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Pubmed/32518569

Wójtowicz, A., Zembala-Szczerba, M., Babczyk, D., Kołodziejczyk-Pietruszka, M., Lewaczyńska, O., & Huras, H. (2019). Early- And Late-Onset Preeclampsia: A Comprehensive Cohort Study Of Laboratory And Clinical Findings According To The New Ishhp Criteria. International Journal Of Hypertension, 2019, 19.Https://Doi.Org/10.1155/2019/4108271




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i9.11037

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


Publisher: Universitas Malahayati Lampung


Creative Commons License
Semua artikel dapat digunakan dibawah lisensi Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License


kostenlose besucherzähler
slot gacor slot gacor hari ini slot gacor 2025 demo slot pg slot gacor slot gacor