Panduan Penulisan
Hubungan Asi Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Stunting di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Ciawi
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ABSTRACT
Stunting is a global problem, especially for children below 5 years of age in low-middle income countries. Giving exclusive breastfeeding has important role in preventing stunting. This is an observational analytic study with cross-sectional design, was done in Ciawi Regional General Hospital in October 2021. Samples are the pediatric ward inpatients from 0 to 18 years of age, which were taken with total sampling method. Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as only giving breastmilk as the only source of nutrition for baby in the first 6 month of life. Stunting is defined as body length or height of the child below -2 SD of WHO standard curve of body length-age. For children above 59 month old, stunting defined as body height below 5 percentile on the standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000 curve. Descriptive data presented in proportion (%). Statistical tests used in the study is Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction and alternative test of Fischer Exact. Alternative test is based on the Expected Count of 5%. The significant value expected in the study is 5%. From the study, there are no significant relation found between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting for children 0-18 years of age (p-value: 0.916), but clinically found that children without exclusive breastfeeding has 1.167 times higher risk of having stunting compared to the children with exclusive breastfeeding in Ciawi Regional General Hospital.
Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Stunting
ABSTRAK
Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia khususnya pada anak dibawah 5 tahun di negara pendapatan rendah dan menengah. Menyusui ASI (Air Susu Ibu) eksklusif memiliki peran penting dalam pencegahan stunting. Studi ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Ciawi pada Bulan Oktober 2021. Sampel merupakan pasien rawat inap di bangsal anak berusia 0 hingga 18 tahun, yang diambil dengan menggunakan metode total sampling. ASI eksklusif didefinisikan sebagai hanya memberikan ASI sebagai satu-satunya sumber makanan bagi bayi selama enam bulan pertama kehidupan. Stunting didefinisikan sebagai panjang atau tinggi badan anak di bawah -2 SD pada kurva panjang badan-menurut-usia atau tinggi badan-menurut-usia pada kurva standar WHO 2006. Pada anak yang memiliki usia lebih dari 59 bulan, stunting didefinisikan jika tinggi badan kurang dari persentil 5 pada kurva standar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000. Data deskriptif disajikan dalam bentuk proporsi (%). Uji hipotesis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction dengan uji alternatif berupa Fischer Exact. Penentuan uji alternatif didasarkan pada nilai Expected Count sebesar 5%. Nilai kemaknaan yang diharapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebesar 5%. Pada studi tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 0-18 tahun (p-value: 0,916), tetapi secara klinis diketahui bahwa anak yang tidak diberikan ASI eksklusif memiliki risiko 1,167 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami stunting bilamana dibandingkan dengan kelompok anak yang menerima ASI eksklusif di RSUD Ciawi.
Kata Kunci: ASI Eksklusif, Stunting
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i9.11038
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