Penerapan Protokol Pengkajian Nyeri 24 Jam Pada Pasien Paska Operasi Orthopedi

Arifin Triyanto, Masfuri Masfuri, Liya Arista, Umi Aisyiyah

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ABSTRACT

 

Pain is a problem that always arises in postoperative patients. Pain in patients after orthopedic surgery is higher than in other surgical cases. Postoperative pain management has not been fulfilled optimally. Untreated pain problems have a negative impact both physically and psychologically. To find out the implementation of the 24-hour pain assessment protocol in patient with orthopaedic surgery. This study is the application of Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) in post orthopedic surgery patients. Inclusion criteria: patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, aged 18 years, can communicate well, willing to be involved in the study. Exclusion criteria: patients with decreased consciousness and patients with cognitive impairment. Pain reporting was carried out independently at the 3rd hour, 7th hour, 11th hour, 15th hour, 19th hour and 24th hour in a state of rest and in a state of movement. The most severe postoperative pain was reported by patients in the first 3 hours after surgery and began to decrease in both conditions both at rest and during movement. Pain at 3 to 19 hours showed a significant difference between pain at rest and on movement (p<0.05). At the 24th hour measurement, the results showed that there was no difference in pain scores at rest and during movement (p>0.05). Application of pain assessment protocols for 24 hours after orthopedic surgery can determine the dynamics of patient pain from time to time while at rest and during movement. Pain in patients after orthopedic surgery is at a mild to moderate level.

 

Keywords: Assessment, Orthopaedic, Pain, Surgery

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Nyeri menjadi permasalahan yang selalu muncul pada pasien paska operasi. Nyeri pada pasien paska pembedahan orthopedi lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada kasus pembedahan lainnya. Manajemen nyeri paska operasi belum terpenuhi secara optimal. Masalah nyeri yang tidak tertangani memberikan dampak negatif baik secara fisik maupun psikologis. Untuk mengetahui penerapan protokol pengkajian nyeri 24 jam pada pasien paska operasi orthopedi. Penelitian merupakan penerapan Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) pada pasien paska operasi orthopedi. Kriteria inklusi: pasien yang menjalani operasi ortopedi, berusia ≥ 18 tahun, dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik, bersedia terlibat dalam penelitian. Kriteria eksklusi: pasien dengan penurunan kesadaran dan pasien dengan gangguan kognitif. Pelaporan nyeri dilakukan secara mandiri pada jam ke-3, jam ke-7, jam ke-11, jam ke-15, jam ke-19 dan jam ke-24 dalam kondisi istirahat dan dalam kondisi pergerakan. Nyeri paska operasi paling berat laporkan oleh pasien pada 3 jam pertama paska operasi dan mulai menurun pada kedua kondisi baik saat istirahat maupun saat pergerakan. Nyeri pada jam ke-3 sampai dengan jam ke-19, menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara nyeri saat istirahat dan saat pergerakan (p<0,05). Pada pengukuran jam ke-24, didapatkan hasil tidak terdapat perbedaan skor nyeri saat istirahat dan saat pergerakan (p>0,05). Penerapan protokol assessmen nyeri selama 24 jam paska operasi orthopedi dapat mengetahui dinamika nyeri pasien dari waktu ke waktu saat kondisi istirahat maupun saat pergerakan. Nyeri pada pasien paska operasi orthopedi berada pada tingkat ringan hingga sedang.

 

Kata Kunci: Nyeri, Orthopedi, Pembedahan, Pengkajian


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i2.13144

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