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Determinan Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Pada Pasien Rawat Inap di UPTDK Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Medan
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ABSTRACT
Nationally, the number of diabetes sufferers based on a doctor's diagnosis aged >15 years is more than 1 million sufferers. Meanwhile, North Sumatra alone has 55,351 sufferers. Based on an initial survey, researchers at RSU Haji Medan found that Diabetes Mellitus was the highest disease suffered by patients in 2023 based on doctors' diagnoses, there were 1,484 patients. This scientific evidence can be used as a benchmark and decision making for a more strategic and targeted Type II DM prevention program. This research uses quantitative research with an unmatching case control design. The population was 107 cases and 673 controls with a minimum sample size of 50 cases and 50 controls. Based on the results obtained, variables that were significantly associated (<0.05) with the incidence of type II DM were gender, hypertension status, physical activity, history of DM, BMI, and cholesterol status. It is hoped that health workers can carry out health promotions about Diabetes Mellitus and explain the risk factors for this disease. Apart from that, patients at RSU Haji Medan or members of the public should always regularly check their blood sugar, especially those aged > 45 years and those who have a family history of DM sufferers, reduce unhealthy lifestyle and eating patterns and always do physical activity 2-4 times a day. a week with a minimum of 10 minutes per day.
Keywords: Determinant, Diabetes Mellitus Type II
ABSTRAK
Secara nasional, jumlah penderita diabetes berdasarkan diagnose dokter usia >15 tahun sebanyak 1 juta lebih penderita. Sedangkan, Sumatera Utara sendiri sebanyak 55.351 penderita. Berdasarkan survei awal peneliti di RSU Haji Medan menemukan bahwa peyakit Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit yang tertinggi yang diderita oleh pasien tahun 2023 berdasarkan diagnosis dokter ada sebanyak 1.484 pasien. Dengan adanya bukti ilmiah ini dapat menjadi tolak ukur dan pengambilan keputusan untuk program pencegahan DM Tipe II yang lebih strategis dan tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain case control unmatching. Populasi sebanyak 107 pada kasus dan 673 untk kontrol dengan besar minimal sempel 50 kasus dan 50 kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil yang di peroleh, variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan (<0,05) dengan kejadian DM tipe II adalah jenis kelamin, status hipertensi, aktivitas fisik, riwayat DM, IMT, dan status kolestrol. Diharapkan kepada tenaga kesehatan dapat melakukan promosi kesehatan tentang penyakit Diabetes Melitus dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor resiko dari penyakit tersebut. Selain itu, pasien RSU Haji Medan atau masyarakat luar agar selalu rutin melakukan pengecekan gula darah terkhususnya pada usia >45 tahun dan juga yang memiliki riwayat keluarga penderita DM serta mengurangi pola hidup dan makan yang tidak sehat serta selalu melakukan aktivitas fisik 2-4 kali dalam seminggu dengan minimal 10 menit perhari.
Kata Kunci: Determinan, Diabetes Melitus Tipe II
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i5.14529
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