Panduan Penulisan
Implementasi Program Pencegahan dan Penanganan Stunting di Kota Tebing Tinggi
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ABSTRACT
Stunting, a result of chronic malnutrition characterized by relatively short stature for the age of the child, remains one of the most common nutritional problems found in poor and developing countries and is closely related to the incidence of recurrent infections and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. As the prevalence of stunting reaches 31% in 2022, the Government of Indonesia targets to reduce the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia to 14% by 2024 through various programs involving various elements of government. This study aims to assess the implementation of stunting prevention and management programs in Tebing Tinggi. This qualitative study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted in Tebing Tinggi City in December 2023. The informants in this study consisted of three key informants, namely the Head of the Public Health Division of the Tebing Tinggi Health Office, the Primary Nutritionist of Puskesmas Satria, and the Nutrition Executive Officer of Puskesmas Teluk Karang, and six regular informants, namely parents with stunted children. The data was collected through in-depth interviews with informants with the help of in-depth interview guidelines. The implementation of the stunting prevention and management program in Tebing Tinggi has routine communication between implementation actors and program targets, has adequate human resources, funds, facilities, and infrastructure, positive disposition of implementation actors even without incentives, and has standard operational procedures and clear distribution of responsibilities. The implementation of the stunting prevention and handling program in Tebing Tinggi was good; however, it should be noted that there are still shortcomings in the aspect of communication with program targets.
Keywords: Stunting, Implementation, Policy, Program
ABSTRAK
Stunting, yaitu kondisi malnutrisi kronis yang ditandai dengan badan yang relatif pendek berdasarkan usia anak, masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan gizi yang paling sering ditemukan di negara-negara miskin dan negara berkembang dan berkaitan erat dengan kejadian infeksi berulang serta stimulasi psikososial yang tidak adekuat. Dengan prevalensi stunting yang mencapai 31% di tahun 2022, Pemerintah Indonesia menargetkan mampu menekan prevalensi stunting di Indonesia menjadi 14% pada tahun 2024 melalui berbagai program yang melibatkan berbagai elemen pemerintahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai bagaimana implementasi program pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di Kota Tebing Tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan potong-lintang yang dilakukan di Kota Tebing Tinggi pada Desember 2023. Informan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga informan kunci yaitu Kepala Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tebing Tinggi, Nutrisionis Ahli Pratama Puskesmas Satria, dan Petugas Pelaksana Gizi Puskesmas Teluk Karang dan enam informan biasa, yaitu orang tua dengan anak stunting. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam dengan informan dengan bantuan pedoman wawancara mendalam. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa implementasi program pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di Kota Tebing Tinggi memiliki komunikasi rutin antar aktor implementasi dan terhadap sasaran program, memiliki sumber daya manusia, dana, serta sarana dan prasarana yang adekuat, disposisi aktor implementasi yang positif walaupun tanpa insentif, dan memiliki standard operational procedure dan distribusi tanggung jawab yang jelas. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi program pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di Kota Tebing Tinggi berjalan dengan baik; namun perlu diingat bahwa masih terdapat kekurangan dalam aspek komunikasi dengan sasaran program.
Kata Kunci: Stunting, Implementasi, Kebijakan, Program
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i12.16250
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