Self-Stigma Stunting, Dampak dan Perubahan Psikologis Ibu dengan Anak Stunting di Kabupaten Garut

Sari

ABSTRACT

Mothers play an important role as the primary caregiver of a child. Mother as a caregiver is an important factor in the child's growth and development process. negative stigma is felt by the mother so that it disturbs and affects the mental health of the mother as a caregiver. Stigma from society can occur in families who care for stunted children, especially mothers. Mothers who care for stunted children often get unpleasant treatment from the community even from health workers and posyandu cadres. This study aims to explore the perception of stunting self-stigma, the impact and psychological changes of mothers with stunted children in Garut Regency. The research design is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Researchers wanted to explore the background of self-stigma in mothers, the impact of stunting self-stigma. In addition, researchers want to explore the impact on health seeking behavior and mothers' responses to PMT for stunted children in Garut Regency. Based on the results of this study, it was found that various kinds of responses and psychological changes were experienced by mothers who had self-stigma. Generally, self-stigma is recognized by feelings of shame because stunting is similar to malnourished children, the party to blame, and the ability to meet family food so as to refuse PMT assistance for stunted children in Garut Regency. It is important for families, health workers and posyandu cadres to provide material and emotional support and not to disclose the child's condition in public.

Keywords: Self-stigma, Stunted, Psychosocial Conditions, Mother

ABSTRAK

Ibu memegang peranan penting sebagai pengasuh utama seorang anak. Ibu sebagai pengasuh merupakan faktor penting dalam proses tumbuh kembang anak. Stigma negatif dirasakan ibu sehingga mengganggu dan mempengaruhi kesehatan mental ibu sebagai pengasuh. Stigma dari masyarakat dapat terjadi pada keluarga yang merawat anak stunting, khususnya ibu. Ibu yang merawat anak stunting seringkali mendapatkan perlakuan tidak menyenangkan dari masyarakat bahkan dari petugas kesehatan dan kader posyandu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelajahi persepsi self-stigma stunting, dampak serta perubahan psikologis ibu dengan anak stunting di Kabupaten Garut. Desain penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Peneliti hendak mengeksplorasi latar belakang self stigma pada ibu, dampak self-stigma stunting. Selain itu, peneliti ingin mengeksplorasi dampak terhadap perilaku mencari bantuan kesehatan serta respon ibu terhadap PMT bagi baduta stunting di Kab. Garut. Hasil dari penelitian ini yakni didapatkan bahwa berbagai macam respon dan perubahan psikologis dialami ibu yang memiliki self-stigma. Umumnya self-stigma dikenali dengan perasaan malu karena stunting mirip dengan anak gizi buruk, pihak yang disalahkan, dan kemampuan memenuhi pangan keluarga sehingga menolak PMT bantuan bagi anak stunting di Kab. Garut. Penting bagi keluarga, petugas kesehatan, dan kader posyandu memberikan dukungan baik materil dan emosional serta tidak mengungkapkan kondisi anak di muka umum.

Kata Kunci: Self-Stigma, Stunting, Kondisi Psikososial, Ibu