Strategi Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Perawat Terhadap Penerapan Bundle Cauti di Rumah Sakit
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ABSTRACT
Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. Nurse adherence to the implementation of the CAUTI Bundle is a key factor in preventing this infection. However, various barriers such as high workload, lack of training, and insufficient organizational support often hinder optimal protocol implementation. The aim of this literature review is to identify the most effective strategies for improving nurse adherence to the implementation of the CAUTI Bundle. A literature review approach was used by analyzing 12 articles discussing strategies to improve adherence to the CAUTI Bundle. Data sources were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar between 2015 and 2024. Literature selection was carried out using the PRISMA method, and data were analyzed using thematic synthesis to identify the most effective strategies. The analysis showed that multifaceted strategies were more effective than single interventions in improving nurse adherence to the CAUTI Bundle. Key strategies that proved effective included: empowering nurses in clinical decision-making, such as granting nurses the authority to remove unnecessary catheters, which improved adherence and reduced CAUTI rates; data-driven monitoring and adherence audits, enabling early detection of non-adherence and successfully reducing CAUTI incidence over five years; hands-on training and clinical simulations, which enhanced nurses' skills in applying nosocomial infection protocols, though their effectiveness may decrease without continuous monitoring systems; and evidence-based policies and regulations, which help establish adherence standards but are more effective when supported by training and technology-based monitoring systems. This literature review emphasizes that the most effective strategy to improve nurse adherence to the CAUTI Bundle is a multifaceted approach, including nurse empowerment, data-driven monitoring, hands-on training, and policy-based regulations. Policy-based approaches alone are insufficient without supporting strategies to sustain adherence over time. Therefore, hospitals and healthcare institutions are recommended to adopt comprehensive evidence-based strategies in efforts to prevent nosocomial infections and enhance patient safety.
Keywords: CAUTI Bundle Implementation, Nurse Adherence, Nosocomial Infections, Data-Driven Monitoring, Patient Safety.
ABSTRAK
Infeksi Saluran Kemih terkait Kateter (Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection/CAUTI) merupakan salah satu infeksi nosokomial yang paling sering terjadi di rumah sakit. Kepatuhan perawat terhadap penerapan Bundle CAUTI menjadi faktor utama dalam mencegah infeksi ini. Namun, berbagai hambatan seperti beban kerja tinggi, kurangnya pelatihan, serta minimnya dukungan organisasi sering kali menghambat penerapan protokol pencegahan yang optimal. Tujuan dari tinjauan literatur ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi strategi yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat terhadap penerapan Bundle CAUTI. Pendekatan tinjauan literatur digunakan dengan menganalisis 12 artikel yang membahas strategi peningkatan kepatuhan terhadap Bundle CAUTI. Sumber data diperoleh dari PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar dalam rentang 2015–2024. Seleksi literatur dilakukan menggunakan metode PRISMA, dan data dianalisis dengan pendekatan sintesis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi strategi yang paling efektif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa strategi multifaset lebih efektif dibandingkan pendekatan tunggal dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat terhadap penerapan Bundle CAUTI. Strategi utama yang terbukti efektif meliputi: pemberdayaan perawat dalam pengambilan keputusan klinis, seperti pemberian wewenang kepada perawat untuk melepas kateter yang tidak diperlukan, yang terbukti meningkatkan kepatuhan dan menurunkan angka CAUTI; monitoring berbasis data dan audit kepatuhan, yang memungkinkan deteksi dini terhadap ketidakpatuhan dan berhasil mengurangi insiden CAUTI dalam lima tahun; pelatihan hands-on dan simulasi klinis, yang meningkatkan keterampilan perawat dalam menerapkan protokol infeksi nosokomial, meskipun efektivitasnya dapat menurun tanpa sistem monitoring yang berkelanjutan; serta kebijakan dan regulasi berbasis bukti, yang berperan dalam menetapkan standar kepatuhan, namun efektivitasnya meningkat jika didukung dengan pelatihan dan sistem monitoring berbasis teknologi. Tinjauan literatur ini menegaskan bahwa strategi yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat terhadap Bundle CAUTI adalah pendekatan multifaset yang mencakup pemberdayaan perawat, monitoring berbasis data, pelatihan hands-on, dan kebijakan berbasis regulasi. Pendekatan berbasis kebijakan saja tidak cukup tanpa strategi pendukung yang dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan secara berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, rumah sakit dan institusi kesehatan disarankan untuk mengadopsi strategi berbasis bukti yang komprehensif dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi nosokomial dan peningkatan keselamatan pasien.
Kata Kunci: Penerapan Bundle CAUTI, Kepatuhan Perawat, Infeksi Nosokomial, Monitoring Berbasis Data, Keselamatan Pasien.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i1.20134
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