Faktor Determinan Kepatuhan Berobat Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Bairo-Pite Clinic Timor Leste

Francisco Guterres Dos Reis, Christina Roni Nayoan, Marni Marni, Sintha Lisa Parimahua, Imelda Februati Ester Manurung

Sari


ABSTRACT

 

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health problem, including in Timor Leste. Treatment success is highly influenced by patients’ adherence to long-term medication according to therapy guidelines. This study aimed to analyze the determinant factors of medication adherence among TB patients, which include internal factors (sex, age, occupation, education level, knowledge, and attitude) and external factors (health worker support, family support, and distance to health facilities) at Bairo-Pite Clinic, Timor Leste. This quantitative research used a cross-sectional design involving 101 respondents selected using the Slovin formula. Data were collected using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that most respondents had low medication adherence (85.1%). Internal factors significantly associated with adherence were knowledge and attitude, while external factors significantly associated were family support and health worker support (p < 0.05). Distance to health facilities did not show a significant association. In conclusion, strengthening health education, family engagement, and the role of health workers is essential to improve TB treatment adherence in the studied area.

 

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Medication Adherence, Knowledge, Family Support, Health Worker Support.

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Tuberkulosis (TBC) merupakan penyakit infeksi yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global, termasuk di Timor Leste. Keberhasilan pengobatan sangat dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kepatuhan pasien dalam minum obat jangka panjang sesuai terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor determinan kepatuhan minum obat pasien TBC yang meliputi faktor internal (jenis kelamin, usia, pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, pengetahuan, dan sikap) serta faktor eksternal (dukungan tenaga kesehatan, dukungan keluarga, dan jarak tempat tinggal ke fasilitas kesehatan) di wilayah kerja Bairo-Pite Clinic, Timor Leste. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional, melibatkan 101 responden yang dipilih menggunakan rumus Slovin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) dan dianalisis secara multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat kepatuhan rendah sebesar 85,1%. Faktor internal yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepatuhan adalah pengetahuan dan sikap, sedangkan faktor eksternal yang berpengaruh signifikan adalah dukungan keluarga dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan (p < 0,05). Faktor jarak tempat tinggal tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa peningkatan edukasi kesehatan, penguatan dukungan keluarga, serta peran tenaga kesehatan menjadi kunci keberhasilan terapi TBC di wilayah tersebut.

 

Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis, Kepatuhan, Pengetahuan, Dukungan Keluarga, Dukungan Tenaga Kesehatan.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i5.23228

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