Vaping dan Kesehatan Paru dalam Perspektif Medis: Risiko dan Implikasi Jangka Panjang
Abstract
Penggunaan rokok elektrik (vape) terus meningkat, terutama di kalangan remaja dan dewasa muda, karena dianggap sebagai alternatif yang lebih aman dibandingkan rokok konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara komprehensif dampak penggunaan vape terhadap kesehatan paru-paru dalam jangka panjang. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka dengan mengkaji berbagai artikel ilmiah dari database seperti PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan lainnya dalam rentang tahun 2020–2025. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan vape dapat menyebabkan berbagai gangguan pernapasan, termasuk inflamasi paru, gangguan fungsi paru, dan potensi kanker paru. Kandungan dalam cairan vape seperti formaldehida, logam berat, dan vitamin E asetat berkontribusi terhadap kerusakan jaringan paru dan sistem kardiovaskular. Beberapa studi juga melaporkan kasus EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury) dengan gejala serius dan risiko kematian. Selain itu, tantangan besar dalam terapi berhenti vaping, terutama pada remaja, memperkuat perlunya pendekatan kebijakan dan klinis berbasis bukti yang lebih kuat. Simpulan dari kajian ini adalah bahwa vaping bukanlah alternatif yang aman dan justru membawa dampak buruk bagi kesehatan paru secara signifikan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jdk.v15i1.21396
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