Perilaku pencegahan konstipasi pada lansia di panti sosial rehabilitasi lanjut usia
Abstract
Background: Constipation in the elderly occurs because of physiological changes in the body that are also supported by poor health behavior. The reduced risk of constipation when the elderly apply healthy lifestyle modifications.
Purpose: To describe the constipation occurrence among the elderly living in long-stay institutions in Ciparay Bandung
Method: A descriptive quantitative that involved 38 elderly, selected by purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria, which are communicative elderly, have a good cognitive condition (MMSE score 23-30). The instrument used a questionnaire sheet and data analysis used univariate frequency distribution.
Results: The finding of 57.9% of respondents had good prevention of constipation. The percentage in each sub-variable shows that 55.3% of respondents had good physical activity, 50% of respondents had good dietary habits, and 57.9% of respondents had good defecation habits.
Conclusion: The results of the study show that over 50% of the elderly are still under the control of constipation problems. Suggestions for the management of long-stay institutions in Ciparay Bandung, to continue observation risk constipation and prevent to provide information and motivation promotion especially in physical activity and eating habits with Group Activity Therapy.
Keywords: Constipation; Elderly; Physical activity; Eating habits; Lifestyle
Pendahuluan: Konstipasi pada lansia terjadi karena adanya perubahan fisiologis tubuh yang juga didukung oleh perilaku kesehatan yang kurang baik. Konstipasi dapat dicegah jika lansia melakukan modifikasi gaya hidup sehat.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku pencegahan konstipasi pada lansia di Panti Sosial Rehabilitasi Lanjut Usia dan Pemeliharaan Makam Pahlawan (PSRLU-PMP) Ciparay Bandung.
Metode: Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 38 lansia yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi, yaitu lansia yang komunikatif, memiliki kondisi kognitif yang baik (skor MMSE 23-30), dan bersedia menjadi responden penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar kuesioner yang dibuat berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data yang digunakan berupa perhitungan distribusi frekuensi.
Hasil: Sebanyak 57,9% responden memiliki perilaku pencegahan konstipasi yang baik. Adapun persentase pada setiap sub variabel menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 55,3% responden berada pada kategori aktivitas fisik yang baik, sebanyak 50% responden berada pada kategori kebiasaan diet yang baik, dan sebanyak 57,9% responden berada pada kategori kebiasaan defekasi yang baik.
Simpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 50% lansia masih terkendali masalah sembelit. Saran bagi pengelola panti rawat inap di Ciparay Bandung, untuk melanjutkan observasi risiko sembelit dan pencegahan untuk memberikan informasi dan promosi motivasi terutama dalam aktivitas fisik dan kebiasaan makan dengan cara yang benar melalui Terapi Aktifitas Kelompok
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v15i3.4348
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