Pengaruh prone position terhadap peningkatan oksigenasi pada pasien covid-19: Systematic review

Dian Noviati Kuriasih, Fitrian Rayasari, Ahmad Zubairi, Suryati Suryati, Ninik Yunitri

Abstract


The effect of prone position for increasing oxygenation in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review

Background: Prone position is known to reduce mortality in intubated non-COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe acute respiratory distress (ARDS).

Purpose: To determine the effect of prone position for increasing oxygenation in patients with COVID-19 by a systematic review

Method: Criteria of patients with COVID-19  and pneumonia but not with severe respiratory distress (ARDS) increasing oxygen saturation, preventing the use of HFNC breathing apparatus, and preventing the need for intubation. Search systematically from 5 database s medical (PubMed, Proquest, Embase, Medline, Cinhal ) and 1 manual (Google) performed until 12 October 2020, from 5 databases and 1 manual (Google) found 5 articles that met the inclusion criteria, and 122 patients were included for the final analysis.

Results: The severity of disease and the need for intubation decreased by 65,6% in patients.  The prone position to increase oxygenation, prevent disease severity, intubation / ICU, and mechanical ventilation to see the effect of the prone position on increasing oxygen saturation.

Conclusion: Prone position indicates increased oxygenation of patients with respiratory disease related to COVID-19. The severity of the disease and the need for intubation decreased by 65.5% in the patients. For this reason, the need for the prone position in COVID-19 patients with pneumonia before falling into ARDS, the provision of the prone position was done randomly

Keywords: Prone Position; Patient; COVID-19; Oxygenation

Pendahuluan: Prone posisi diketahui dapat menurunkan angka kematian pada pasien non-COVID-19 yang diintubasi dengan gangguan pernapasan akut sedang sampai berat (ARDS). Namun literature yang meneliti tentang efek posisi prone pada pasien COVID-19 masih kurang.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh posisi tengkurap terhadap peningkatan oksigenasi pada pasien COVID-19 dengan tinjauan sistematis

Metode : Kriteria pasien COVID-19 dengan pneumonia tetapi tidak yang mengalami gangguan pernafasan berat (ARDS) sehingga meningkatkan satursi oksigenasi, mencegah penggunaan alat bantu napas HFNC, dan mencegah kebutuhan intubasi. Pencarian sistematis dari 5 databases medis (PubMed, Proquest, Embase, Medline, Cinhal) dan 1 manual (Geogle) dilakukan hingga 12 oktober 2020, dari 5 databases dan 1 manual (Geogle) ditemukan 5 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, dan 122 pasien dilibatkan untuk analisis akhir.

Hasil: Sebagian besar pasien berusia diatas 50 tahun dengan dominasi jenis kelamin laki-laki (67%), peningkatan saturasi oksigenasi 81/122 (66,4%), respiratori rate < 30 x/menit (60%), tidak diintubasi 78/119 (65,5%), dan penurunan jumlah kematian 77/85 (90,6%) dari penelitian. Komplikasi yang berhubungan dengan pemberian posisi prone yang dilaporkan dalam study literature 9% discomfort, 4% worsening oxygenation, 2% coughing,  5 deaths (9%) [1], 42% backpain, 17% tolerated <1 h, 17% required intubation within 72 h, Tetapi menurut study literature Damarla (2020) dan Schifino G, at al (2020) tidak ditemukan komplikasi intubasi dan kematian. Pemberian prone posisi untuk peningkatan oksigenasi, mencegah derajat keparahan penyakit, tindakan intubasi/ICU dan ventilasi mekanik untuk melihat efek prone posisi terhadap peningkatan saturasi oksigen

Simpulan: posisi prone menunjukkan peningkatan oksigenasi pasien penyakit pernapasan terkait COVID-19. Derajat keparahan penyakit dan kebutuhan intubasi menurun 65,5% pada pasien. Untuk itu perlunya posisi prone pada pasien COVI-19 dengan pneumonia sebelum jatuh ke acute respiratory distress (ARDS), pemberian posisi prone ini dilakukan secara randomisasi.


Keywords


Prone Posisi; Pasien; COVID-19; Oksigenasi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v15i2.4894

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