Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar magnesium darah pada lansia
Abstract
Background: When a person ages to the level of old age which is a period of life marked by a change or decrease in bodily functions. Health problems in the elderly, one of which is often found, include digestive disorders which result in a deficiency of several nutrients such as protein, lack of vitamins, and a lack of some electrolytes so this can cause disease in the elderly, both acute and chronic. Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body and plays an important physiological role in many of its functions. Magnesium balance is maintained by the regulation of magnesium reabsorption by the kidney. Magnesium deficiency is a common problem in hospital patients, with a prevalence of around 10 percent.
Purpose: Identify the factors correlated with serum magnesium levels among elderly
Method: A descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study amounted to 50 elderly who were taken using the total sampling method based on inclusion criteria.
Results: The analysis showed that 50 samples had an average magnesium level of 1,615 mg/dl which was low with a standard error of 0.175, where the lowest magnesium level was 0.030 and the highest magnesium level was 5,400. The median also has a value of 1,490 which is also below the normal magnesium level.
Conclusion: There is no significant effect between food intake and physical activity on blood magnesium levels with a p-value > 0.05. There is a significant effect between drugs, disease, and gastrointestinal factors with blood magnesium levels with a p-value <0.05.
Keywords: Serum magnesium; Food intake; Physical activity; Elderly
Pendahuluan: Ketika seseorang bertambah umur ke tingkat usia lanjut yang merupakan suatu periode kehidupan dengan ditandai adanya perubahan atau penurunan fungsi tubuh. Masalah kesehatan pada usia lanjut, salah satunya yang sering dijumpai diantaranya gangguan pencernaan yang mengakibatkan kekurangan beberapa zat nutrisi seperti protein, kekurangan vitamin dan kekurangan beberapa elektrolit, sehingga hal ini dapat menimbulkan penyakit pada usia lanjut baik akut maupun kronis. Magnesium adalah kation paling melimpah keempat di tubuh dan memainkan peran fisiologis penting dalam banyak fungsinya. Keseimbangan magnesium dipertahankan oleh regulasi reabsorpsi magnesium oleh ginjal. Kekurangan magnesium merupakan masalah umum pada pasien rumah sakit, dengan prevalensi sekitar 10 persen.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada kadar serum magnesium pada lanjut usia
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampelnya berjumlah 50 orang yang diambil menggunakan metode total sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi.
Hasil: Analisis menunjukkan dari 50 sampel memiliki rata-rata kadar magnesium lansia 1.615 mg/dl yang tergolong rendah dengan standar error nya 0.175, dimana kadar magnesium paling rendah adalah 0.030 dan kadar magnesium tertinggi 5.400. Median juga mempunyai nilai 1.490 yang juga dibawah nilai kadar magnesium normal.
Simpulan: Tidak ada pengaruh secara signifikan antara asupan makanan dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kadar magnesium darah dengan hasil p-value > 0.05. Ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara obat, penyakit dan faktor gastrointestinal dengan kadar magnesium darah dengan hasil p-value < 0.05.
Keywords
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2014). Laporan bulanan data sosial ekonomi. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik.
Budiana, N. S. (2013). Buah ajaib tumpas penyakit. Penebar Swadaya Grup.
Darmojo, B. (2011). Buku Ajar Geriatic (Ilmu Kesehatan Lanjut Usia) edisi ke–4. Jakarta: FKUI.
Fawcett, W. J., Haxby, E. J., & Male, D. A. (1999). Magnesium: physiology and pharmacology. British journal of anaesthesia, 83(2), 302-320.
Fine, K. D., Santa Ana, C. A., & Fordtran, J. S. (1991). Diagnosis of magnesium-induced diarrhea. New England Journal of Medicine, 324(15), 1012-1017.
Fox, C., Ramsoomair, D., & Carter, C. (2001). Magnesium: its proven and potential clinical significance. Southern medical journal, 94(12), 1195-1202.
Franz, K. B. (1989). Influence of phosphorus on intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium. Magnesium in Health and Disease. John Libbey & Co., London, 71-8.
Hartwig, A. (2001). Role of magnesium in genomic stability. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 475(1-2), 113-121.
Kass, L., Weekes, J., & Carpenter, L. (2012). Effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis. European journal of clinical nutrition, 66(4), 411-418.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, (2014). Situasi dan analisis lanjut usia. Diakses dari: https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/14010200005/situasi-dan-analisis-lanjut-usia.html
Kharisna, D., Dewi, W. N., & Lestari, W. (2012). Efektifitas konsumsi jus mentimun terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Jurnal Ners Indonesia, 2(2), 124-31.
Lindeman, R. D., & Beck, A. A. (2006). Mineral requirements. Geriatric Nutrition: The Health Professional’s Handbook.
Lukaski, H. C. (2000). Magnesium, zinc, and chromium nutriture and physical activity. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 72(2), 585S-593S.
Malingkas, C. V., Paruntu, M. E., & Assa, Y. A. (2015). Gambaran kadar magnesium serum pada orang lanjut usia dengan umur 60-74 tahun. e-Biomedik, 3(1).
Mason, J. B. (2007). Vitamins, trace minerals, and other micronutrients. Goldman L, Ausiello D. Cecil textbook of medicine, 23, 1626-39.
Mouw, D. R., Latessa, R. A., & Sullo, E. J. (2005). What are the causes of hypomagnesemia?.
Mudeng, G. N., Paruntu, M. E., & Assa, Y. A. (2016). Gambaran magnesium serum pada pekerja bangunan. e-Biomedik, 4(2).
Rahmawati, A. K., Krisnamurni, S., & Jaelani, M. (2013). Asupan Magnesium dan Kadar Magnesium Serum dengan Tekanan Darah Pasien Rawat Jalan Penderita Hipertensi. Jurnal Riset Gizi, 1(2), 51-60.
Rayssiguier, Y., Guezennec, C. Y., & Durlach, J. (1990). Mg Water The Magnesium Web Site. Magnesium Research, 3(2), 93-102.
Tamsuri, A. (2009). Klien gangguan keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit. EGC.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v16i7.8271
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.