Factors Associated With Anemia In Female Adolescents

Latar belakang: anemia adalah suatu keadaan yang ditandai dengan penurunan kadar eritrosit per satuan volume darah atau kadar hemoglobin yang tidak mencukupi kebutuhan fisiologis tubuh.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi, siklus menstruasi, dan pengetahuan dengan anemia pada remaja putri di desa Karya Mukti tahun 2021.Metode: penelitian ini menggunakan survei analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh remaja putri di desa Karya Mukti. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 77 remaja putri yang diperoleh secara sistematis dengan menggunakan metode random sampling. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis data univariat dan bivariatHasil: dari 77 responden didapatkan 35,1% responden mengalami anemia. 31,2% responden berstatus gizi normal, dan 68,8% responden berstatus gizi tidak normal. Mengenai siklus menstruasi, 37,7% responden memiliki siklus menstruasi yang normal, dan 62,3% responden memiliki siklus menstruasi yang tidak normal. Kemudian dari segi pengetahuan, 57,1% responden memiliki pengetahuan baik, dan 42,9% responden memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik. Kemudian, hasil uji chi-square pada variabel status gizi diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,002 (< α = 0,05) yang berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan anemia. Hasil uji chi-square pada variabel siklus menstruasi diperoleh p-value sebesar 0,001 (< α = 0,05) artinya ada hubungan yang bermakna antara siklus menstruasi dengan anemia. Hasil uji chi-square pada variabel pengetahuan diperoleh p-value 0,000 (< α = 0,05) artinya ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan anemia.Kesimpulan: ada hubungan antara status gizi, siklus menstruasi, dan pengetahuan dengan anemia pada remaja putri.Saran: diharapkan aparat desa Karya Mukti aktif memberikan penyuluhan terkait anemia kepada remaja putri Kata Kunci: Anemia, status gizi, siklus menstruasi, pengetahuan

ABSTRACT

Background: anemia is a condition characterized by decreased levels of erythrocytes per unit volume of blood or hemoglobin levels that are insufficient for the body's physiological needs.

Objective: to determine the relationship between nutritional status, menstrual cycles, and knowledge with anemia in female adolescents in Karya Mukti village in 2021.

Methods: this study used a quantitative analytic survey with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was all female adolescents in Karya Mukti village. The sample of this study was 77 female adolescents who were obtained systematically using a random sampling method. The data were then analyzed using univariate and bivariate data analysis

Results: of the 77 respondents, 35.1% of the respondents had anemia. 31.2% of the respondents had normal nutritional status, and 68.8% of the respondents had abnormal nutritional status. Regarding the menstrual cycles, 37.7% of the respondents had normal menstrual cycles, and 62.3% of the respondents had abnormal menstrual cycles. Then in terms of knowledge, 57.1% of the respondents had good knowledge, and 42.9% of the respondents had poor knowledge. Then, the results of the chi-square test on the nutritional status variable gained a p-value of 0.002 (< α = 0.05) which means that there was a significant relationship between nutritional status and anemia. The results of the chi-square test on the menstrual cycle variable obtained a p-value of 0.001 (< α = 0.05) meaning that there was a significant relationship between the menstrual cycle and anemia. The results of the chi-square test on the knowledge variable obtained a p-value of 0.000 (< α = 0.05) meaning that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and anemia.

Conclusion: there was a relationship between nutritional status, menstrual cycles, and knowledge with anemia in female adolescents.

Suggestions: it is hoped that the officials of Karya Mukti village actively provide counseling related to anemia to female adolescents

Keywords: Anemia, nutritional status, menstrual cycles, knowledge