Improving Self-Care Behaviors Of Pregnant Women Using M-Health

Busyra Hanim* -  Bachelor of Midwifery and Midwifery Profession Study Program, Payung Negeri Health Institute, Riau., Indonesia
Anita Anita D. Anwar -  Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, West Java, Indonesia
Vita Muniarti -  Physiology Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, West Java, Indonesia
DOI : 10.33024/jkm.v10i1.13662

Latar Belakang: Perilaku self-care dalam kehamilan berhubungan dengan pengetahuan tentang self-care dan efikasi diri. Pengetahuan dan perilaku self-care yang kurang baik selama kehamilan dapat membahayakan ibu maupun janin, dan ini menjadi penyebab paling umum kesakitan dan kematian ibu. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, efikasi diri, dan perilaku self-care ibu hamil adalah dengan pemanfaatan m-Health dalam bentuk Aplikasi Sahabat Ibu Hamil (ASIH) berbasis android.

Tujuan: untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan Aplikasi Sahabat Ibu Hamil (ASIH) terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang self-care, efikasi diri dan perilaku self-care ibu hamil.

Metode: Metode penelitian secara quasi eksperimen dengan pretest-posttest with control group design. Subyek penelitian adalah ibu hamil trimester III pada wilayah kerja Puskemas Garuda Kota Bandung sebanyak 60 orang, yang dibagi kedalam kelompok perlakuan yang menggunakan aplikasi Aplikasi Sahabat Ibu Hamil (ASIH) sebagai panduan self-care dalam kehamilan dan kelompok control menggunakan Buku KIA. Pengambilan sampel berdasarkan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah lembar kuesioner. 

Hasil: Penggunaan aplikasi ASIH berpengaruh meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil dibandingkan dengan yang menggunakan Buku KIA dengan nilai p<0,05, nilai RR 2,62(1,39-4,97), dan nilai NTT (Number Needed to Treat) 2,30; meningkatkan efikasi diri ibu hamil dibandingkan dengan yang menggunakan Buku KIA dengan nilai p<0,05, nilai RR 2,00 (1,14-3,52), dan nilai NTT 3; dan meningkatkan perilaku self-care ibu hamil dibandingkan yang menggunakan Buku KIA  dengan nilai p<0,05, nilai RR 2,75 (1,46-5,17), dan nilai NTT 2,14  yang berarti dibutuhkan 2 orang bu hamil menggunakan aplikasi ASIH untuk meningkatkan perilaku self-care 1 orang ibu hamil.

Kesimpulan: Penggunaan Aplikasi Sahabat Ibu Hamil (ASIH) berpengaruh meningkatkan pengetahuan, efikasi diri, dan perilaku self-care ibu hamil.

Saran: Tenaga kesehatan perlu melakukan berbagai inovasi untuk mengembangkan teknologi digital guna meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat.

 

Kata Kunci: Aplikasi Sahabat Ibu Hamil (ASIH), efikasi diri dalam self-care, pengetahuan tentang self-care, dan perilaku self-care ibu hamil.

 

ABSTRACT

 

Background: Self-care behaviour in pregnancy is related to knowledge about self-care and self-efficacy. Poor self-care knowledge and behaviour during pregnancy can harm both mother and fetus, and this is the most common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. One effort to increase the knowledge, self-efficacy and self-care behaviour of pregnant women is by using m-Health inform of the form of the Android-based Aplikasi Sahabat Ibu Hamil (ASIH) application.

Purpose: to analyse the effect of using the ASIH application on increasing knowledge about self-care, self-efficacy and self-care behaviour of pregnant women.

Method: The research method is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with control group design. The research subject were 60 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester in the working area of the Garuda Community Health Center at Bandung, who were divide into a treatment group that used ASIH application as a self-care guide in pregnancy and a control group that used the KIA Book. Sampling was based on the Simple Random Sampling technique. The instrument used is a questionnaire sheet.

Results: The use of ASIH application has the effect of increasing the knowledge of pregnant women compared to those who use KIA Book with a p<0,05, an RR value of 2.62 (1.39-4.97), and an NTT (Number Needed to Treat) value of 2.30; increase the self-efficacy of pregnant women compared to control group with a p value <0.05, an RR value of 2.00 (1.14-3.52), and an NTT value of 3; and increase the self-care behaviour of pregnant women compared to those who use the KIA Book with a p value <0.05, an RR value of 2.75 (1.46-5.17), and an NTT value of 2.14 which means that 2 pregnant women are needed to use ASIH application to improve the self-care behaviour of 1 pregnant women.

Conclution: Using of ASIH application has the effect of increasing the knowledge, self-efficacy and self-care behaviour of pregnant women.

Suggestions: Innovation is needed in health workers to develop digital technology to improve health status.

 

Keywords: Aplikasi Sahabat Ibu Hamil (ASIH) application, self-efficacy in self- care, knowledge about self-care, and self-care behaviour of pregnant women.

 

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