The Effect Of Audiovisual Media On Knowledge And Attitudes Of Women Of Reproductive Age Toward Cervical Cancer Screening

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks merupakan penyebab kematian di negara berkembang. Salah satu cara mendeteksi melalui pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA). Pemeriksaan IVA merupakan metode skrining yang sederhana, mudah dilakukan, dan efektif, terutama di fasilitas kesehatan tingkat primer. Rendahnya pengetahuan tentang skrining merupakan faktor penghambat pentingnya mendeteksi dini pencegahan kanker. Upaya mengatasi hal tersebut dapat dilakukan edukasi menggunakan media audiovisual. Pemanfaatan media audiovisual mampu menyampaikan informasi yang mudah dipahami karena melibatkan unsur suara dan gambar, sehingga membentuk sikap positif deteksi dini kanker serviks dengan pemeriksaan IVA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh media audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap wanita usia subur tentang skrining kanker serviks di Puskesmas Manis Mata Kabupaten Ketapang.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-eksperimental dengan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh wanita usia subur (WUS) dengan hasil perhitungan sampel 57 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan sikap tentang skrining kanker serviks.

Hasil: Hasil analisis uji Wilcoxon terdapat peningkatan skor median pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah yaitu 59,1 menjadi 79,4 dan peningkatan skor sikap 64,5 menjadi 87,5 dengan nilai p<0,05.

Kesimpulan: Edukasi melalui media audiovisual berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap wanita usia subur tentang deteksi dini kanker serviks. Media audiovisual ini dapat dijadikan alternatif edukasi di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer.

Kata Kunci: audiovisual, skrining IVA, Pengetahuan, Sikap

ABSTRACT

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in developing countries. One method used for detection is the Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (IVA) examination. IVA screening is a simple, easy-to-perform, and effective method, particularly in primary healthcare facilities. Low levels of knowledge about screening represent a significant barrier to the early detection and prevention of cancer. Efforts to address this issue can be carried out through educational interventions using audiovisual media. The use of audiovisual media can deliver information in a way that is easier to understand because it involves both sound and visual elements, thereby helping to foster positive attitudes toward the early detection of cervical cancer through IVA screening. This study aims to analyze the influence of audiovisual media on the knowledge and attitudes of women of reproductive age regarding cervical cancer screening at the Manis Mata Community Health Center in Ketapang Regency.

Methods: This study used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The study population consisted of all women of reproductive age (WUS), with a sample size calculation resulting in 57 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instrument used questionnaires measuring knowledge and attitudes regarding cervical cancer screening.

Results: The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis showed an increase in the median knowledge score before and after the intervention, from 59.1 to 79.4, and an increase in the attitude score from 64.5 to 87.5, with a p-value < 0.05.

Conclusion: Education through audiovisual media has an effect on improving the knowledge and attitudes of women of reproductive age regarding the early detection of cervical cancer. Audiovisual media can be used as an alternative educational tool in primary healthcare facilities.

Keywords: audiovisual, IVA screening, knowladge, attitude