The Relationship Between Knowledge About Anemia And Compliance With Iron Tablet Consumption Among Adolescents
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Prevalensi anemia di SMPN 07 Pesawaran tercatat sebesar 36,9% di kalangan siswi. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan yang dilakukan oleh petugas kesehatan dari Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPTD) Puskesmas Roworejo di SMPN 07 Pesawaran pada Januari 2025, ditemukan bahwa 31 siswi (36,9%) didiagnosis menderita anemia, diklasifikasikan sebagai ringan atau sedang. Dampak anemia di SMPN 07 Pesawaran terlihat dari beberapa keluhan yang sering dilaporkan oleh siswi, seperti mudah lelah, kesulitan berkonsentrasi selama pelajaran, dan sering mengantuk di kelas. Beberapa guru juga melaporkan bahwa beberapa siswi sering mengalami pusing atau bahkan pingsan selama upacara bendera atau kegiatan fisik lainnya.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang anemia dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe di kalangan remaja di SMPN 07 Pesawaran, Kabupaten Pesawaran, pada tahun 2025.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi terdiri dari seluruh 242 siswi di SMPN 07 Pesawaran, Kabupaten Pesawaran, dengan sampel sebanyak 151 responden yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis melalui metode univariat dan bivariat (uji chi-square).
Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 85 responden (56,3%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, sedangkan 119 responden (78,8%) menunjukkan kepatuhan rendah terhadap konsumsi tablet Fe. Hubungan yang signifikan diidentifikasi antara pengetahuan tentang anemia dan kepatuhan terhadap konsumsi tablet Fe di kalangan remaja di SMPN 07 Pesawaran, Kabupaten Pesawaran, pada tahun 2025 (nilai p = 0,013). Disarankan agar petugas kesehatan membangun kolaborasi berkelanjutan antara puskesmas dan sekolah, khususnya melalui program PKPR (Pusat Kesehatan Remaja) dan UKS (Unit Kesehatan Sekolah). Kolaborasi dengan guru sebagai pengawas dan fasilitator juga penting untuk mendukung program konsumsi tablet Fe di sekolah.
Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan yang lebih baik berhubungan dengan kepatuhan yang lebih tinggi dalam konsumsi tablet Fe. Namun, secara keseluruhan kepatuhan masih rendah.
Saran: Pendidikan berkelanjutan dan kolaborasi antara sekolah dan pusat kesehatan melalui program PKPR dan UKS diperlukan. Guru harus berperan sebagai pengawas dan fasilitator dalam program konsumsi tablet Fe rutin di sekolah.
Kata kunci: Anemia, kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe, pengetahuan, remaja
ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of anemia at SMPN 07 Pesawaran was recorded at 36.9% among female students. Based on examinations conducted by health workers from the Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) Roworejo Community Health Center at SMPN 07 Pesawaran in January 2025, it was found that 31 female students (36.9%) were diagnosed with anemia, classified as either mild or moderate. The impact of anemia at SMPN 07 Pesawaran was evident from several complaints frequently reported by students, such as easy fatigue, difficulty concentrating during lessons, and frequent drowsiness in class. Several teachers also reported that some students often experienced dizziness or even fainted during flag ceremonies or other physical activities.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge of anemia and compliance with Fe tablet consumption among adolescents at SMPN 07 Pesawaran, Pesawaran Regency, in 2025.
Methods: This research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of all 242 female students at SMPN 07 Pesawaran, Pesawaran Regency, with a sample of 151 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed through univariate and bivariate methods (chi-square test).
Results: The results showed that 85 respondents (56.3%) had good knowledge, while 119 respondents (78.8%) demonstrated low compliance with Fe tablet consumption. A significant relationship was identified between knowledge of anemia and compliance with Fe tablet consumption among adolescents at SMPN 07 Pesawaran, Pesawaran Regency, in 2025 (p-value = 0.013). It is recommended that health workers establish ongoing collaboration between community health centers and schools, particularly through PKPR (Youth Care Health Services) and UKS (School Health Unit) programs. Collaboration with teachers as supervisors and facilitators is also essential to support the Fe tablet consumption program in schools.
Conclusion: Better knowledge is associated with higher compliance in Fe tablet consumption. However, overall compliance remains low.
Suggestion: Continuous education and collaboration between schools and health centers through PKPR and UKS programs are necessary. Teachers should serve as supervisors and facilitators in routine Fe tablet consumption programs in schools.
Keywords: Anemia, Fe tablet consumption compliance, knowledge, adolescents
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v12i2.22818
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