Factors Associated With The Incidence Of Perineal Rupture In Normal Delivery

    Latar Belakang: Ruptur perineum adalah robekan atau cedera pada jalan lahir perineum yang terjadi pada saat persalinan baik secara spontan maupun akibat episiotomi dan persalinan yang dibantu. Umumnya, ruptur perineum terjadi pada pelahiran primipara dan seringkali pada pelahiran berikutnya. Di Indonesia, ruptur perineum dialami oleh 75% wanita yang melahirkan pervaginam. Dari 1951 kelahiran spontan pervaginam, 57% wanita menerima jahitan perineum, 8% karena episiotomi dan 29% karena robekan spontan.

       Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui hubungan berat badan lahir, usia ibu, dan paritas ibu dengan kejadian ruptur perineum pada persalinan normal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Karya Mukti tahun 2021.

       Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode survei analitik menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Dalam desain penelitian cross-sectional, para peneliti mengumpulkan data dari banyak individu yang berbeda pada satu titik waktu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang bersalin normal pada bulan Januari – Agustus 2021 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Karya Mukti, sebanyak 57 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Karena jumlah populasi kurang dari 100 maka seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian yang terdiri dari 57 orang.

       Hasil: uji statistik Chi-Square pada variabel berat lahir diperoleh p-value 0,019 (< = 0,05), pada variabel usia ibu diperoleh p-value 0,023 (< = 0,05) dan pada variabel paritas diperoleh p-value dari 0,014 (< = 0,05). Artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara berat badan lahir, usia ibu dan paritas dengan kejadian ruptur perineum di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Karya Mukti.

      Saran : Sebaiknya Puskesmas Karya Mukti lebih aktif memberikan penyuluhan kepada bidan terkait dengan kejadian kejadian ruptur perineum.

Kata kunci: Berat lahir,Paritas,Ruptur perineum, Usia ibu

ABSTRACT

Background: Perineal rupture is a tear or injury to the perineal birth canal that occurs during delivery either spontaneously or as a result of an episiotomy and assisted delivery. Generally, perineal rupture occurs in primiparous deliveries and often in subsequent deliveries. In Indonesia, perineal rupture is experienced by 75% of women who give birth vaginally. Of the 1951 spontaneous vaginal births, 57% of women received perineal sutures, 8% was due to episiotomy and 29% was due to spontaneous tears.

Research Objective: to determine the relationship of birth weights, maternal age, and maternal parity with the incidence of perineal rupture in normal delivery in the working area of Karya Mukti Public Health Center in 2021.

Methods: The research design used in this study was quantitative with an analytical survey method using a cross sectional approach. In cross-sectional research design, the researchers collected data from many different individuals at one point in time. The population in this study were all mothers who gave birth normally in January – August 2021 in the working area of Karya Mukti Public Health Center, as many as 57 people. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling. Because the total population was less than 100, the entire population was used as the research sample consisting of 57 people.

Results: statistical test, Chi-Square on birth weight variable was obtained p-value of 0.019 (< = 0.05), on maternal age variable was obtained p-value of 0.023 (< = 0.05) and on parity variable was obtained p-value of 0.014 (< = 0.05). It meant that there was a significant relationship between birth weight, maternal age and parity with the incidence of perineal rupture in the working area of Karya Mukti Public Health Center.

Suggestion: It is recommended that Karya Mukti Public Health Center should be more active in providing counseling to midwives related to the incidence of the incidence of perineal rupture.

Keywords: Birth weight, Maternal age,Parity,Perineal rupture