Effectiveness Of Stabilization Of The Newborn's Body Temperature In The Incubator For 6 Hours Against The Incidence Of Hypothermia (Newborn Study In Rsia Resti Mulya Perinatology)

Rezki Putri Muhamad -  Stikes Abdi Nusantara
Melisa Putri Rahmadhena* -  Stikes Abdi Nusantara, Indonesia
DOI : 10.33024/jkm.v8i3.6611

Latar belakang : Kehidupan bayi yang baru lahir paling kritis yaitu saat masa transisi dari kehidupan intrauterin ke kehidupan ekstrauterin. Salah satu hal yang menjadi masalah saat dialami bayi pada masa transisi ini adalah hipotermia. Di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia, tingginya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah (BBLR) masih menjadi masalah utama. Hipotermia menyebabkan terjadimya penyempitan pembuluh darah yang mengakibatkan terjadinya metabolis anerobik, meningkatkan kebutuhan oksigen, mengakibatkan hipoksemia dan berlanjut dengan kematian. Salah satu tindakan pencegahan hipotermia pada bayi baru lahir dapat dilakukan dengan menghangatkan tubuh bayi, yaitu dengan merawat secara konvensional di dalam incubator. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis  Efektivitas Stabilisasi Suhu Tubuh Bayi Baru Lahir di dalam Inkubator Selama 6 Jam dengan Kejadian Hipotermia.

Metode :Jenis penelitian adalah quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan Randomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi adalah kurang dari 100 bayi dan seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian yang berjumlah 60 bayi  yang diambil secara total sampling. Pengumpulan data penelitian melalui rekam medik serta menggunakan lembar observasi untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Stabilisasi Suhu Tubuh Bayi Baru Lahir di dalam Inkubator Selama 6 Jam dengan Kejadian Hipotermia.

Hasil : Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa ada perubahan suhu tubuh pada Bayi Baru Lahir setelah dilakukan intervensi. Dengan hasil setelah dilakukan stabilisasi di dalam inkuabtor selama 6 jam nilai p value (<0,000) dan setelah dilakukan stabilisas di dalam inkubator ≤ 6 jam nilai p value (<0,000). 

Kesimpulan : Disimpulkan bahwa ada perubahan suhu tubuh bayi setelah dilakukan stabilisasi di dalam incubator ≤ 6 jam dan stabilisasi di dalam inkubator selama 6 jam. Stabilisasi suhu tubuh selama 6 jam lebih berpengaruh untuk menaikkan suhu tubuh pada Bayi Baru Lahir.

Saran : Oleh karena itu disarankan hasil penelitian ini dapat diaplikasikan oleh bidan rumah sakit untuk mengurangi hipotermia pada Bayi Baru Lahir.

 

Kata Kunci : Suhu Tubuh, Bayi Baru Lahir, Inkubator, Hipotermia

               

ABSTRACT

 Background : The life of a newborn is most critical, which is during the transition from intrauterine life to extrauterine life. One of the things that become a problem when experienced by babies during this transition period is hypothermia. In developing countries including Indonesia, the high morbidity and mortality rate of Low Birth Weight (BBLR) is still a major problem. Hypothermia causes the contraction of veins that could also cause the anaerobic metabolism that increases the oxygen level needs. This condition could impact on hypoxemia and can cause death.  One of the prevention of hypothermia in newborns can be done by warming the baby's body inside an incubator. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of body temperature stabilization of newborns in an incubator for 6 hours to prevent the incidence of hypothermia.Method : This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a Randomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population was less than 100 infants and the entire population was used as a research sample, totaling 60 infants taken by total sampling. Collecting research data through medical records and using observation sheets to determine the effectiveness of body temperature stabilization of newborns in an incubator for 6 hours with hypothermia.Result : In this study, it was found that there was a change in body temperature in newborns after the intervention. With the results after stabilization in the incubator for 6 hours the p value (<0.000) and after stabilization in the incubator ≤ 6 hours the p value (<0.000).Conclusion : It was concluded that there was a change in the baby's body temperature after stabilization in the incubator for ≤ 6 hours and stabilization in the incubator for 6 hours. Stabilization of body temperature for 6 hours is more influential to raise body temperature in newborns.Suggestion : Therefore, it is suggested that the results of this study can be applied by midwives in the hospital to reduce hypothermia in newborns. Keywords: Body Temperature, Newborn, Incubator, Hypothermia 

Keywords : Kebidanan

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