Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C dan E terhadap Stres Oksidatif pada Olahraga Renang

Rosa Nurul Zecha, Julia Windi Gunadi, Albert Manggading Hutapea

Sari


Pada olahraga renang dapat terjadi stres oksidatif apabila terjadi kerusakan otot skelet, terkait dengan intensitas, durasi, frekuensi latihan, dan kondisi kesehatan perenang. Ketidakseimbangan jumlah radikal bebas menyebabkan stres oksidatif. Aktivitas fisik yang berat, radikal bebas dan stres oksidatif menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan dan sel, yang merugikan otot. Vitamin E dan C penting dalam melindungi sel dari stres oksidatif yang dihasilkan oleh olahraga renang yang intens. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan mekanisme vitamin C dan vitamin E dalam memengaruhi biomarker stres oksidatif pada olahraga renang. Metode yang dilakukan adalah telaah pustaka, dengan mencari sumber literatur dari pubmed, google scholar dengan kata kunci “stres oksidatif”, “vitamin C”, “vitamin E”, dan “renang”. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 7 artikel yang membahas pengaruh renang, vitamin C, dan atau vitamin E terhadap biomarker stres oksidatif. Hasil kajian diperoleh bahwa olahraga renang dapat menimbulkan terjadinya kerusakan otot yang dibuktikan dengan peningkatan marker stres oksidatif. Penurunan stres oksidatif dapat dicapai dengan pemberian vitamin C dan atau E, namun tingkat signifikansi dari pengaruhnya dapat bervariasi tergantung dosis dan tingkatan stres oksidasi yang terjadi. Simpulan yang dapat diambil dari telaah pustaka ini adalah vitamin C dan vitamin E dapat memperbaiki stress oksidatif yang terjadi pada olahraga renang melalui mekanisme antioksidan. Kombinasi vitamin C dan E dapat memberikan efek sinergis yang memperkuat efek penurunan stres oksidatif dan peningkatan level antioksidan pada olahraga renang.


Kata Kunci


Stress Oksidatif; Vitamin C; Vitamin E

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi


Abdullah, M., Jamil, R. T. and Attia, F. N. (2024) ‘Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid).’, in. Treasure Island (FL).

Aruoma, O. I. (1998) ‘Free radicals, oxidative stress, and antioxidants in human health and disease.’, Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 75(2), pp. 199–212. doi: 10.1007/s11746-998-0032-9.

Bursać-Mitrović, M. et al. (2016) ‘Effects of L-Ascorbic Acid and Alpha-Tocopherol on Biochemical Parameters of Swimming-Induced Oxidative Stress in Serum of Guinea Pigs.’, African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM, 13(4), pp. 29–33. doi: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i4.5.

Clemente-Suárez, V. J. et al. (2023) ‘Antioxidants and Sports Performance.’, Nutrients, 15(10). doi: 10.3390/nu15102371.

Dallak, M. A. et al. (2020) ‘Exercise augments the modulatory effects of vitamin E on pre-diabetes-induced aortopathy: a potential role of adiponectin.’, Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 126(4), pp. 356–362. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1538250.

Dewangga, M. W. and Irianto, D. (2022) ‘Potensi Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas var Antin 3) Sebagai Asupan Antioksidan untuk Atlet’, Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, 15, pp. 136–145. doi: 10.22435/jtoi.v15i2.5655.

Esfandiari, M. et al. (2022) ‘Vitamin E BT - Handbook of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Properties and Applications’, in Jafari, S. M., Rashidinejad, A., and Simal-Gandara, J. (eds). Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–23. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-81404-5_24-1.

Higgins, M. R., Izadi, A. and Kaviani, M. (2020) ‘Antioxidants and Exercise Performance: With a Focus on Vitamin E and C Supplementation.’, International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(22). doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228452.

Kaźmierczak-Barańska, J. et al. (2020) ‘Two Faces of Vitamin C-Antioxidative and Pro-Oxidative Agent.’, Nutrients, 12(5). doi: 10.3390/nu12051501.

Kim, H.-J. et al. (2016) ‘Combined Low-Intensity Exercise and Ascorbic Acid Attenuates Kainic Acid-Induced Seizure and Oxidative Stress in Mice.’, Neurochemical research, 41(5), pp. 1035–1041. doi: 10.1007/s11064-015-1789-5.

Kim, J. C., Park, G. D. and Kim, S. H. (2017) ‘Inhibition of Oxidative Stress by Antioxidant Supplementation Does Not Limit Muscle Mitochondrial Biogenesis or Endurance Capacity in Rats.’, Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 63(5), pp. 277–283. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.63.277.

Mason, S. A. et al. (2020) ‘Antioxidant supplements and endurance exercise: Current evidence and mechanistic insights.’, Redox biology, 35, p. 101471. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101471.

Maugeri, G. et al. (2023) ‘The Influence of Exercise on Oxidative Stress after Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review.’, Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 12(7). doi: 10.3390/antiox12071401.

Merzouk, A. et al. (2020) ‘Effects of Vitamin C and E Against Oxidative Stress: Is Antioxidant Supplementation Efficient?’, Current Nutraceuticals, 01. doi: 10.2174/2665978601666200220094112.

Nieman, D. C. and Wentz, L. M. (2019) ‘The compelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system.’, Journal of sport and health science, 8(3), pp. 201–217. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.009.

Njus, D. et al. (2020) ‘Ascorbic acid: The chemistry underlying its antioxidant properties.’, Free radical biology & medicine, 159, pp. 37–43. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.07.013.

Pisoschi, A. M. et al. (2021) ‘Oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants - An overview on their chemistry and influences on health status’, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 209, p. 112891. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112891.

Poprzęcki, S. et al. (2016) ‘The blood antioxidant defence capacity during intermittent hypoxic training in elite swimmers.’, Biology of sport, 33(4), pp. 353–360. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1221607.

Powers, S. K. et al. (2020) ‘Exercise-induced oxidative stress: Friend or foe?’, Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(5), pp. 415–425. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.001.

Radak, Z. et al. (2013) ‘Oxygen consumption and usage during physical exercise: the balance between oxidative stress and ROS-dependent adaptive signaling.’, Antioxidants & redox signaling, 18(10), pp. 1208–1246. doi: 10.1089/ars.2011.4498.

Sakr, H. F., Abbas, A. M. and El Samanoudy, A. Z. (2015) ‘Effect of vitamin E on cerebral cortical oxidative stress and brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene expression induced by hypoxia and exercise in rats.’, Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society, 66(2), pp. 191–202.

Situmorang, N. and Zulham, Z. (2020) ‘Malondialdehyde (MDA) (Zat Oksidan yang Mempercepat Proses Penuaan)’, Jurnal Keperawatan dan Fisioterapi (JKF), 2, pp. 117–123. doi: 10.35451/jkf.v2i2.338.

Turgay, F. et al. (2019) ‘The Effects of Swimming on Blood Nitric Oxide and Haematological Parameters’, Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 54, pp. 24–32. doi: 10.5152/tjsm.2019.113.

Venditti, P. et al. (2014) ‘Effect of training and vitamin E administration on rat liver oxidative metabolism.’, Free radical research, 48(3), pp. 322–332. doi: 10.3109/10715762.2013.867959.

Wibawa, J. C., Arifin, M. Z. and Herawati, L. (2020) ‘Mekanisme vitamin C menurunkan stres oksidatif setelah aktivitas fisik’, JOSSAE (Journal of Sport Sci ence and Education), 5(1), pp. 57–63.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v11i6.14513

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


##submission.copyrightStatement##

##submission.license.cc.by-nc4.footer##

Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Malahayati Lampung


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.