Touch Dna Dalam Penerapan Ilmu Forensik: Tinjauan Literatur

Baety Adhayati, Luluk Hermawati, Abdul Hadi Furqoni

Sari


DNA berasal dari sel-sel epitel yang tertinggal akibat kontak fisik minimal, telah menjadi komponen penting dalam ilmu forensik modern. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah secara sistematis aspek fundamental dan aplikatif dari Touch DNA, termasuk asal-usul biologis, metode pengumpulan, teknik analisis, serta tantangan interpretatif yang dihadapi dalam praktik forensik. Literatur dikumpulkan melalui penelusuran sistematis pada basis data elektronik PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar, dengan menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci yang relevan. Seleksi artikel dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan, untuk memastikan kualitas metodologis dan relevansi tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun analisis STR memungkinkan identifikasi DNA dengan jumlah sampel minimal, keberhasilan ekstraksi dan interpretasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti jenis permukaan, durasi dan tekanan sentuhan, serta kondisi lingkungan. Teknik pengumpulan seperti pengusapan basah dan angkat perekat terbukti krusial dalam memaksimalkan perolehan DNA. Selain itu, keberadaan DNA campuran, risiko kontaminasi, dan transfer sekunder menjadi tantangan utama dalam validitas hasil. Pendekatan berbasis probabilistik dalam interpretasi genotipe kini semakin banyak diadopsi untuk mengatasi kompleksitas ini.


Kata Kunci


Touch DNA; Forensik; Analisis STR; Transfer DNA

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v12i5.20611

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