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Perbandingan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Karsinoma Tiroid Pasca Tiroidektomi Total Dan Hemitiroidektomi : Tinjauan Sistematik
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Tiroidektomi total adalah pengobatan standar karsinoma tiroid, namun dampaknya terhadap kualitas hidup pasien masih kontroversial. Penelitian ini menganalisis kualitas hidup pasien setelah tiroidektomi total dibandingkan alternatif pengobatan lain. Metode: Pencarian sistematik dilakukan di database Medline, Embase, dan Cochrane (2011-2024). Kriteria inklusi: studi mengevaluasi kualitas hidup pasien karsinoma tiroid menggunakan instrumen tervalidasi seperti HINT-20, SF-36, THYCA-QoL, dan EORTC QLQ-H&N35. Data dianalisis menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Hasil: Dari 2.507 artikel, 8 studi berkualitas tinggi dengan 4.847 pasien dianalisis. Pasien tiroidektomi total mengalami gangguan fungsi fisik lebih berat dibanding hemitiroidektomi (skor mobilitas: 68,4 vs 74,2; p<0,05). Fatigue dilaporkan 66% pasien tiroidektomi total versus 42% hemitiroidektomi. Kualitas hidup global jangka panjang setara antara kedua kelompok (77,7 vs 76,9; p=0,450), namun kekhawatiran rekurensi lebih tinggi pada hemitiroidektomi (2,4 vs 2,1; p=0,021). Keterbatasan penelitian ini yakni variasi instrumen yang digunakan dalam berbagai studi menyebabkan heterogenitas dalam interpretasi hasil QoL. Kesimpulan: Tiroidektomi total menyebabkan gangguan fungsi fisik dan sosial lebih signifikan dibanding hemitiroidektomi, meskipun kualitas hidup global jangka panjang setara.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v13i4.23140
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