Pengaruh Latihan Resistensi terhadap Ekspresi Protein Klotho: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Juwita Ninda Suherman, Sri Utami, Aan Royhan, Diniwati Mukhtar

Sari


Protein Klotho merupakan biomarker penting yang berperan dalam proses anti-aging, regulasi metabolisme, serta perlindungan terhadap inflamasi dan stres oksidatif. Studi terbaru menunjukkan bahwa ekspresi protein Klotho dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas fisik, terutama latihan resistensi, melalui mekanisme molekuler dan epigenetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara sistematis bukti ilmiah mengenai pengaruh latihan resistensi terhadap modulasi epigenetik protein Klotho. Metode systematic literature review mengikuti pedoman PRISMA digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada basis data PubMed, Scopus, dan Web of Science menggunakan kata kunci yang berkaitan dengan latihan resistensi, protein Klotho, dan regulasi epigenetik. Dari 95 artikel yang teridentifikasi, 10 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Kualitas metodologis artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dievaluasi menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools sesuai dengan desain masing-masing studi. Analisis difokuskan pada mekanisme epigenetik, termasuk metilasi DNA, modifikasi histon, dan regulasi microRNA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar studi melaporkan peningkatan ekspresi Klotho setelah latihan resistensi, meskipun konsistensi temuan masih bervariasi antarpenelitian. Peningkatan tersebut berkaitan dengan perubahan epigenetik yang mendukung fungsi seluler, mengurangi proses penuaan, serta meningkatkan kesehatan metabolik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa latihan resistensi berpotensi menjadi pendekatan nonfarmakologis dalam mengoptimalkan ekspresi protein Klotho melalui mekanisme epigenetik. Meskipun demikian, penelitian lebih lanjut masih diperlukan untuk memperjelas konsistensi temuan dan mekanisme molekuler yang mendasarinya.


Kata Kunci


Klotho; Latihan Resistensi; Epigenetik

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v13i6.23933

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