Efektivitas Mengonsumsi Pisang Ambon Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Mual dan Muntah Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I di Puskesmas Karang Harja Kabupaten Bekasi

Sari

ABSTRACT

Complaints of discomfort that often occur in first trimester pregnant women are feelings of nausea and vomiting due to increased estrogen levels. According to WHO, in 2019, emesis gravidarum occurred throughout the world with an incidence of 12.5% of all pregnancies. The incidence of emesis gravidarum in China is 10.8%, Pakistan 2.2%, Turkey 1.9%, Norway 0.9%, Canada 0.8%, California 0.5%, and in America 0.5%-2%. Meanwhile in Indonesia it is estimated at 32%. Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy can have an impact on pregnant women, one of which is a decrease in appetite which results in changes in the balance of electrolytes, namely potassium, calcium and sodium, causing changes in metabolism in the body. One non-pharmacological therapy to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnant women is to consume Ambon bananas (Musa paradisiaca) which contain lots of flavonoids and vitamin B6 which can overcome nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. To determine the effectiveness of consuming Ambon bananas in reducing the intensity of nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women. Quasi experimental with a one group pretest-posttest design. Population of pregnant women in first trimester. Total sample was 30 people. Total sampling technique. Skewness normality test, hypothesis test paired sample T-test.   Before consuming Ambon bananas the average intensity of nausea was 9.23 and afterward it was 5.13 where the Sig value. 2-tailed = 0.000, while the average intensity of vomiting before consuming Ambon bananas was 7.90 and after it was 3.83 where Sig. 2-tailed = 0.000. Consuming Ambon bananas is effective in reducing nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women because Ambon bananas are rich in vitamin B6, volatile acid. First trimester pregnant women with emesis gravidarum should consume 1 Ambon banana a day to reduce nausea and vomiting. Keywords: Pregnant Women, Nausea Vomiting, Banana Ambon  

ABSTRAK

Keluhan ketidaknyamanan yang sering terjadi pada ibu hamil trimester I yaitu perasaan mual muntah akibat kadar estrogen meningkat. Menurut WHO pada tahun 2019 emesis gravidarum terjadi diseluruh dunia dengan angka kejadian 12.5 % dari seluruh kehamilan. Angka kejadian emesis gravidarum di China sebesar 10.8%, Pakistan 2.2%, Turki 1.9%, Norwegia 0.9%, Canada 0.8% di, California 0.5%, dan  di Amerika 0,5%-2%. Sedangkan di Indonesia diperkirakan sebesar 32%. Mual dan muntah pada kehamilan dapat berdampak pada ibu hamil salah satunya adalah penurunan nafsu makan yang mengakibatkan perubahan keseimbangan elektrolit yakni kalium, kalsium dan natrium sehingga menyebabkan perubahan metabolisme pada tubuh. Salah satu terapi non farmakologis untuk mengatasi mual dan muntah pada ibu hamil adalah dengan mengonsumsi pisang ambon (Musa paradisiaca) yang banyak kandungan flavonoid serta vitamin B6 yang mampu mengatasi mual muntah pada kehamilan. Mengetahui efektivitas mengonsumsi pisang ambon terhadap penurunan intensitas mual dan muntah pada ibu hamil trimester I. Quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest design. Populas ibu hamil trimester I. Jumlah sampel 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling. Uji normalitas skewness, uji hipotesis uji paired sample T-test.  Sebelum konsumsi pisang ambon rata-rata intensitas mual sebesar 9,23 dan sesudahnya sebesar 5,13 dimana nilai Sig. 2- tailed = 0,000, sedangkan rata-rata intensitas muntah sebelum konsumsi pisang ambon sebesar 7,90 dan sesudahnya sebesar 3,83 dimana Sig. 2- tailed = 0,000. Mengonsumsi pisang ambon efektif terhadap menurunkan mual dan muntah pada ibu hamil trimester I karena pisang ambon kaya kandungan vitamin B6, asam volat. Ibu hamil trimester I dengan emesis gravidarum agar mengonsumsi pisang ambon 1 sehari untuk mengurangi mual dan muntah.

Kata Kunci: Ibu Hamil, Mual Muntah, Pisang Ambon