ABSTRACT

Hypertension is the leading cause of death worldwide. Factors that influence the incidence of hypertension are age, lack of physical activity and unhealthy diet. This study aims to determine the relationship of coffee drinking habitsand caffeine source drinks to blood pressure in hypertensive patients based on gender at Kemiri Muka Health Center, Depok. The research design was cross sectional with a sample size of 156 respondents. The population is 18 years old and above who live in the working area of Kemiri Muka Health Center, Depok City. Chi Square test results showed a significant relationship between coffee consumption (P = 0.021), and caffeine source drinks (coffee, tea, soft drinks) (P = 0.008) with blood pressure of hypertensive men. Logistic regression results showed that caffeine consumptionwas 32 times (OR=32,000) more likely to cause uncontrolled blood pressure in hypertensive men after being controlled by coffee consumption. While in hypertensive women aged ≥60 years was 1,8 times higher (OR=1.893) uncontrolled blood pressure after being controlled by education and moderate physical activity. Preventive effortsare needed, especially in men regarding the consumption of coffee and caffeine-source beverages, as well as educating the public regarding the management of hypertension risk factors.

Keywords: Hypertension, Coffee, Caffeine Source Beverages, Age

ABSTRAK

Hipertensi merupakan penyebab utama kematian diseluruh dunia. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian hipertensi adalah usia, kurangnya aktivitas fisik dan pola makan yang tidak sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik responden (jenis kelamin, usia, status pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan), aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan minum kopi dan minuman sumber kafein terhadap tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi berdasarkan jenis kelamin di Puskesmas Kemiri Muka, Depok. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 156 responden. Populasinya adalah usia 18 tahun keatas yang tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kemiri Muka, Kota Depok. Hasil uji Chi Square menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi kopi (P= 0.021), dan minuman sumber kafein (kopi, teh, soft drink) (P= 0.008) dengan tekanan darah laki-laki hipertensi. Hasil regresi logistikmenunjukkan konsumsi minuman sumber kafein terbukti berisiko 32 kali (OR=32,000) menyebabkan tekanan darah tidak terkendali pada laki-laki hipertensi setelah di kontol oleh konsumsi kopi, sedangkan pada perempuan hipertensi usia ≥60 tahun berisiko 1,8 kali (OR=1,893) mengalami tekanan darah tidak terkendali setelah di kontrol oleh, pendidikan dan aktivitas fisik sedang. Perlu adanya upaya preventif terutama pada pria mengenai konsumsi kopi dan minuman sumber kafein, serta mengedukasi masyarakat mengenai pengelolaan faktor risiko hipertensi.

Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Kopi, Minuman Sumber Kafein, Usia

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