Prediksi Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskular Menggunakan Who Cvd Risk Chart Sebagai Strategi Prevensi Aterosklerosis

Sari

ABSTRACT

Coronary heart disease is one of the main manifestations of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and can affect anyone, especially individuals who have not implemented a healthy lifestyle. Early detection of cardiovascular risk is an important step in preventive efforts. The purpose of this research to identify the risk prediction score of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease using the WHO CVD Risk Chart. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive study with a survey approach, conducted in the working area of the Kujangsari Health Center, Bandung City. A total of 30 respondents were selected as research samples. The results showed that most respondents were female (93.3%) and male (6.7%). Research results show that based on age group, 6.7% were classified as early adulthood, 23.3% were early middle adulthood, 53.3% were late middle adulthood, and 16.7% were elderly. A total of 16.7% of respondents had a smoking habit, while 93.3% did not smoke. Respondents with a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) amounted to 10%, while 90% did not have a history of DM. Based on the calculation of risk prediction scores with the WHO CVD Risk Chart, it was found that 36.7% of respondents had a mild risk, 50% moderate risk, and 13.3% high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This study shows that most respondents are in the moderate risk category. This finding emphasizes the importance of implementing community-based preventive interventions, such as health education and healthy lifestyle promotion, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in the Kujangsari Health Center work area. 

Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, Risk Prediction, WHO CVD Risk Chart

ABSTRAK

Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan salah satu manifestasi utama dari penyakit kardiovaskular aterosklerosis dan dapat menyerang siapa saja, terutama individu yang belum menerapkan pola hidup sehat. Deteksi dini terhadap risiko kardiovaskular menjadi langkah penting dalam upaya preventif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi skor prediksi risiko penyakit kardiovaskular aterosklerosis menggunakan WHO CVD Risk Chart. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei, dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kujangsari, Kota Bandung. Sebanyak 30 responden dipilih sebagai sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan (93,3%) dan laki-laki (6,7%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berdasarkan kelompok usia, 6,7% tergolong dewasa awal, 23,3% dewasa madya awal, 53,3% dewasa madya akhir, dan 16,7% lanjut usia. Sebanyak 16,7% responden memiliki kebiasaan merokok, sementara 93,3% tidak merokok. Responden dengan riwayat diabetes melitus (DM) berjumlah 10%, sedangkan 90% tidak memiliki riwayat DM. Berdasarkan perhitungan skor prediksi risiko dengan WHO CVD Risk Chart, diperoleh bahwa 36,7% responden memiliki risiko ringan, 50% risiko sedang, dan 13,3% risiko tinggi terhadap penyakit kardiovaskular aterosklerosis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berada pada kategori risiko sedang. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pelaksanaan intervensi preventif berbasis masyarakat, seperti edukasi kesehatan dan promosi gaya hidup sehat, untuk menurunkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kujangsari.

Kata Kunci: Aterosklerosis, Penyakit Kardiovaskular, Prediksi Resiko, WHO CVD Risk Chart