Efektivitas Sinergistik Program Latihan Otot dan Pergelangan Kaki Berbasis Website terhadap Fungsional, Sirkulasi Perifer dan Gejala Diabetes Perifer Neuropati
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ABSTRACT
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves, particularly in the lower extremities, affecting sensory, motor, and autonomic components of the peripheral nervous system. DPN is a highly prevalent complication among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and has a significant negative impact on quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effectiveness of a web-based foot and ankle muscle exercise program on functional capacity, peripheral circulation, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study employed a mixed-methods design. (1) The first phase was a qualitative study using focus group discussions (FGD) with three experts to validate program content and its acceptability among respondents. (2) The second phase used a quantitative approach with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a pre-test–post-test design. The analysis of pre-test and post-test scores demonstrated significant differences across all instruments (MNSI-E, ABI, and FHSQ). The web-based Kinaku.id video exercise program effectively reduced peripheral neuropathy symptoms, improved peripheral circulation, and enhanced foot health outcomes compared to baseline. The effectiveness of this program is attributed to the advantages of web-based video media, which is more interactive, easily accessible, and promotes better patient adherence compared to conventional printed leaflets. Therefore, this intervention can serve as an effective and innovative strategy for managing diabetic foot complications in primary healthcare settings.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Neuropathy, MNSI-E, ABI, FHSQ.
ABSTRAK
Diabetes Perifer Neuropati (DPN) merupakan degenerasi progresif pada saraf perifer, terutama pada ekstremitas bawah, yang mempengaruhi komponen sensori, motorik, dan otonom saraf tepi. Urgensinya DPN merupakan komplikasi yang sangat umum pada penyandang diabetes melitus (DM) yang dapat berdampak negatif pada kualitas hidup. Mengetahui efektivitas sinergistik program latihan otot dan pergelangan kaki berbasis website terhadap fungsional, sirkulasi perifer, dan gejala diabetes perifer neuropati pada pasien dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan mix-methods dengan: (1) Tahap pertama adalah penelitian kualitatif melalui focus group discussion (FGD) dengan 3 pakar untuk memvalidasi dalam penerimaan terhadap responden. (2) Tahap kedua dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui randomized controlled trial dengan desain pre dan post-test. Hasil pengolahan pretest dan postest antara MNSI, ABI serta FSHQ yang kemudian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara skor pre-test dan post-test baik pada instrumen MNSI-E maupun ABI serta FSHQ. Program latihan otot dan pergelangan kaki berbasis Video website Kinaku.id efektif dalam menurunkan gejala neuropati perifer. Keberhasilan program ini dipengaruhi oleh keunggulan media video berbasis website yang lebih interaktif, mudah diakses, dan meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dibandingkan media cetak konvensional. Dengan demikian, intervensi ini dapat dijadikan salah satu strategi efektif dan inovatif dalam pengelolaan komplikasi kaki diabetik di layanan primer.
Kata Kunci: DM, Neuropathy, MNSIE, ABI, FSHQ.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v8i1.22655
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