ABSTRACT

Allergy is a hypersensitivity reaction associated with specific IgE, which, upon re-exposure to the same allergen, results in the release of histamine and other mediators, causing allergic symptoms. In allergic reactions, IgE levels increase, and IL-5 plays a significant role. Nigella sativa (NS) has an anti-inflammatory role thru its thymoquinone content, which can inhibit the formation of oxidants and reduce inflammatory mediators. Vitamin D in atopic diseases reduces the Th2 lymphocyte immune response in the airways. To determine the effect of NS and vitamin D on the reduction of serum IFN-γ and IL-5 levels in Ovalbumin-induced Balb/c mice. Methods: This study is a true experiment with a post-test only control group design, using 30 Balb/c mice as research subjects divided into 5 groups: 1) negative control, 2) positive control (allergy), 3) NS treatment group, 4) vitamin D treatment, 5) NS + vitamin D treatment (combination). Serum IL-5 and IFN-γ levels were compared for each group. There were significant differences in IL-5 levels between the negative control group and the positive control group (p= 0.007), the positive control group and NS (p= 0.020), and the positive control group and the NS+vitamin D combination (p= 0.033). There were significant differences in IFN-γ levels between the positive control group and NS (p=0.01), NS and vitamin D (p= 0.006), and NS and the NS+vitamin D combination (p= 0.013). Nigella Sativa significantly reduced IL-5 levels and increased IFN-γ levels, while Vitamin D had no effect on IL5 and IFN-γ levels.

Keywords: Nigella Sativa, Vitamin D, IL-5, IFN-γ, OVA Sensitization.

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Alergi adalah suatu reaksi hipersensitivitas yang berhubungan dengan IgE spesifik yang jika terpapar ulang alergen yang sama mengakibatkan penglepasan histamin dan mediator lainnya menimbulkan gejala alergi. Pada reaksi alergi meningkatnya kadar IgE, IL-5 yang berperan penting dalam reaksi alergi. Nigella sativa (NS) memiliki peran anti inflamasi melalui kandungan thymoquinone yang dapat menghambat terbentuknya oksidan dan penurunan mediator inflamasi. Vitamin D pada penyakit atopi, menurunkan respon imun limfosit Th2 pada jalan nafas. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh NS dan vitamin D terhadap penurunan kadar IFN- γ, dan IL-5 serum pada mencit Balb/c yang diinduksi Ovalbumin. Metode: Penelitian ini suatu true experiment with post-test only control group design menggunakan 30 ekor mencit Balb/c sebagai subjek penelitian yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok: 1) kontrol negatif, 2) kontrol positif (alergi), 3) kelompok perlakuan NS, 4) perlakuan vitamin D, 5) perlakuan NS + vitamin D (kombinasi).  Kadar IL-5 dan IFN- γ serum setiap kelompok dibandingkan. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar IL-5 antara kelompok kontrol negatif dengan kontrol positif (p= 0.007), kelompok kontrol positif dengan NS (p= 0.020), kelompok kontrol positif dengan kombinasi NS+vitamin D (p= 0.033). Perbedaan bermakna kadar IFN-γ antara kelompok kontrol positif dengan NS (p=0.01), kelompok NS dengan vitamin D (p= 0.006), dan kelompok NS dengan kombinasi NS+vitamin D (p= 0.013). Simpulan: Nigella Sativa menurunkan kadar IL-5 dan meningkatkan kadar IFN-γ secara bermakna, sedangkan Vitamin D tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar IL5 dan kadar IFN-γ.

Kata Kunci: Nigella Sativa, Vitamin D, IL-5, IFN- γ, Sensitisasi OVA.

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