Pengaruh Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Pemulihan (PMT-P) Terhadap Status Gizi Kurang Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Segala Mider Bandar Lampung

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ABSTRACT: EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTARY RECOVERY FEEDING (PMT-P) ON MALNUTRITION STATUS OF TODDLERS IN THE WORKING AREA OF SEGALA MIDER HEALTH CENTER BANDAR LAMPUNG

Backrgound: Nutritional problems of toddlers need attention. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that there are 99 million toddlers suffering from malnutrition. Data in Indonesia in 2018 states that the percentage of malnutrition among children aged 0-59 months is 3.9%, while the percentage of malnutrition is 13.8%. Data in Lampung Province states that the percentage of malnutrition and malnutrition among children aged 0-59 months is 3.1% for malnutrition and 12.8 for malnutrition. Data from the Bandar Lampung Health Service in 2019, it was found that there were targets for malnourished toddlers, namely as many as 1,277 toddlers and the largest was at the Segala Mider Health Center, as much 76 toddlers.

Purpose: To determine the effect of supplementary recovery feeding (PMT-P) on under-nutrition status in children under five.

Method: This type of research is quantitative, with a one group pretest posttest design. The population was all malnourished toddlers who received PMT-P in the work area of the Puskesmas All Mider Bandar Lampung, with a total sample of 30 children. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The analysis in this study used a dependent t-test. Dependent t-test / paired sample t-test..

Results: The results of the univariate analysis showed that the mean z-score before the supplementary feeding recovery (PMT-P) program was -2,391 ± 0,214  and after the PMT-P program increased to -1,431 ± 0.476.The results of the difference between the two mean z-score increases before and after the PMT-P program were implemented of 0,959 and obtained  p-value = 0,000. The conclusions from the results of the study showed there is an effect of supplementary recovery feeding (PMT-P) on malnutrition status in children under five. So it is hoped that health workers can be more routine in providing health education to people who have toddlers, especially about toddler nutrition and provide leaflets on fulfilling toddler nutrition.

Keywords : PMT-P, malnutrition status, toddlers

INTISARI: PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PEMULIHAN (PMT-P) TERHADAP STATUS GIZI KURANG PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SEGALA MIDER BANDAR LAMPUNG

Latar Belakang: Masalah gizi balita parlu mendapat perhatian. World Health Organization (WHO) melaporkan bahwa terdapat 99 juta Balita menderita gizi kurang. Data di Indonesia tahun 2018, menyebutkan persentase gizi buruk pada balita usia 0-59 bulan adalah sebesar 3,9%, sedangkan persentase gizi kurang adalah 13,8%. Data di Provinsi Lampung, menyebutkan persentase gizi buruk dan gizi kurang pada balita usia 0-59 bulan  yaitu sebesar 3,1% untuk gizi buruk, dan  12,8 untuk gizi kurang. Data Dinas Kesehatan Bandar Lampung tahun 2019, diperoleh bahwa terdapat sasaran balita gizi kurang yaitu sebanyak 1.277 balita dan terbanyak yaitu di Puskesmas Segala Mider yaitu 76 balita.

Tujuan: Diketahui pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan pemulihan (PMT-P) terhadap status gizi kurang pada balita.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest. Populasi yaitu seluruh balita gizi kurang yang mendapatkan PMT-P di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Segala Mider Bandar Lampung, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 28 balita. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji-t dependen. Uji t dependen/ paired sample t-test.

Hasil: Hasil analisis univariat bahwa rerata nilai z-skore sebelum dilakukan program pemberian makanan tambahan pemulihan (PMT-P) yaitu -2,391 ± 0,214 dan setelah dilakukan program PMT-P meningkat menjadi -1,431 ± 0,476. Hasil nilai beda dua mean peningkatan z-skore sebelum dan sesudah dilaksanakan program PMT-P sebesar 0,959 dan diperoleh p-value=0,000. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan pemulihan (PMT-P) terhadap status gizi kurang pada balita. Sehingga diharapkan bagi tenaga kesehatan dapat lebih rutin lagi dalam memberikan pendidikan kesehatan kepada masyarakat yang memiliki balita khususnya tentang asupan gizi balita serta memberikan leaflet tentang pemenuhan gizi balita.

Kata Kunci   : PMT-P, status gizi kurang, balita