Hubungan Berat Badan Lahir, Riwayat Asi Ekslusif Dan Riwayat Imunisasi Dengan Stunting Pada Anak Usia 0-59 Bulan Di Gampong Meunasah Intan Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar

Sari

ABSTRACT

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five (infants under five years). In Indonesia, based on the results of Riskesdas in 2013 there were 37.2% of children under five experienced stunting, this has increased compared to the results of Riskesdas in 2010 which was 35.6%. There are 100 regencies/cities in Indonesia that have the highest incidence of stunting and are prioritized for handling by the government. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between birth weight, history of exclusive breastfeeding, and history of immunization with stunting in children aged 0-59 months in Meunasah Intan Village, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Besar District. This research method is analytic with a cross-sectional study approach. Sampling in this study was simple random sampling with a simple random technique carried out by taking cases to the respondent's house, with a sample size of 29 toddlers meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis using chi-square test. The result of this research is that the birth weight of toddlers aged 0-59 months is mostly in the low birth weight category, namely 18 toddlers (62.1%). There is a relationship between birth weight and stunting status in children aged 0-59 months in Meunasah Intan Village, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Regency (p < 0.05). The history of exclusive breastfeeding for toddlers aged 0-59 months was mostly in the non-exclusive category, namely 18 toddlers (62.1%). There was a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and stunting status in children aged 0-59 months in Meunasah Intan Village, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Regency (p < 0.05). Most of the immunizations for toddlers aged 0-59 months were in the incomplete category, namely 15 toddlers (51.7%). There is a relationship between immunization and stunting status in children aged 0-59 months in Meunasah Intan Village, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Regency (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between a history of immunization, birth weight of children under five, and history of exclusive breastfeeding with stunting in children aged 0-59 months in Meunasah Intan Village, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Besar District.

Keywords: Stunting, Birth Weight, Immunization, Exclusive Breastfeeding

ABSTRAK

 Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita (bayi di bawah lima tahun). Di Indonesia, berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas tahun 2013 terdapat 37,2% balita yang mengalami stunting, hal ini mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan hasil Riskesdas tahun 2010 yaitu sebesar 35,6%. Ada 100 Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia yang angka kejadian stuntingnya paling besar dan menjadi prioritas penangannya oleh pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan berat badan lahir, riwayat asi ekslusif dan riwayat imunisasi dengan stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan di Gampong Meunasah Intan, Kecamatan Kuta Baro, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini secara simple random sampling dengan teknik acak sederhana dilakukan dengan mengambil kasus ke rumah responden, dengan besaran sampel sebanyak 29 balita memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian yaitu berat badan lahir balita usia 0-59 bulan paling banyak berada pada kategori Berat badan lahir rendah yaitu 18 balita (62,1%). Ada hubungan berat badan lahir dengan status stunting pada balita usia 0-59 bulan di Gampong Meunasah Intan Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh (p < 0.05). Riwayat asi ekslusif balita usia 0-59 bulan paling banyak berada pada kategori tidak ekslusif yaitu 18 balita (62,1%). Ada hubungan riwayat asi ekslusif dengan status stunting pada balita usia 0-59 bulan di Gampong Meunasah Intan Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh (p < 0.05). Imunisasi balita usia 0-59 bulan paling banyak berada pada kategori tidak lengkap yaitu 15 balita (51,7%). Ada hubungan imunisasi dengan status stunting pada balita usia 0-59 bulan di Gampong Meunasah Intan Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh (p < 0.05). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara riwayat imunisasi, BB lahir balita dan riwayat asi ekslusif dengan stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan di Gampong Meunasah Intan, Kecamatan Kuta Baro, Kabupaten Aceh Besar.

Kata kunci: Stunting, Berat Badan Lahir, Imunisasi, Asi Eksklusif