Analisis Persepsi Vaksinasi Covid-19 dengan Pendekatan Health Belief Model pada Ibu Hamil dan Ibu Nifas di Bali

Ni Komang Tri Agustini, Luh Gde Nita Sri Wahyuningsing

Sari


ABSTRACT

 

Covid-19 still a health problem in the world. One of the efforts made by the government was the Covid-19 vaccination for the society, including pregnant women and nursing mothers. However, in practice there are still many pregnant women and nursing mothers who do not follow the government's recommendation to vaccinate against Covid-19.This study was to identify and analyze perceptions using the Health Belief Model approach (seriousness, vulnerability, benefits, obstacles, and desire to move) of Covid-19 vaccination in pregnant and lactating women in the Province of Bali. The design used in this research is descriptive analytic cross sectional. The research was conducted in July-October 2022 in the Province of Bali. Inclusion criteria for pregnant women and postpartum women in Bali Province aged 18-39 years. The research sample is 270 people. The instrument used was a questionnaire with a reliability test result of 0.8614. Data were analyzed by SPSS with univariate and bivariate tests with Chi Square. Components of the health belief model that have a relationship with knowledge about Covid-19 vaccination are perceived seriousness with p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05), perceived vulnerability with p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05), perception benefits with p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05), perceived barriers with p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05), and actions to act with p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05). Mothers' perceptions about the seriousness, vulnerability, benefits, barriers and actions taken about the Covid-19 vaccination have a significant relationship with the mother's knowledge about the Covid-19 vaccination.

 

Keywords: Perception, Pregnant And Lactating Women, Covid-19 Vaccination

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Covid-19 sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah adalah vaksinasi Covid-19 bagi masyarakat umum termasuk ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui. Namun pada pelaksanaannya masih banyak ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui yang tidak mengikuti anjuran pemerintah untuk melakukan vaksinasi Covid-19. Penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dan analisis persepsi dengan pendekatan Health Belief Model (keseriusan, kerentanan, manfaat, rintangan, dan keinginan untuk bergerak) vaksinasi Covid-19 pada ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui di Provinsi Bali. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Juli-Oktober 2022 di Provinsi Bali. Kriteria inklusi ibu hamil dan ibu nifas di Provinsi Bali usia 18-39 tahun. Sampel penelitian 270 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan kuisioner dengan hasil uji reliabilitas 0,8614. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS dengan uji univariat dan bivariat dengan Chi Square. Komponen health belief model yang memiliki hubungan dengan pengetahuan tentang vaksinasi Covid-19 yaitu persepsi keseriusan dengan p-value = 0,000 (p<0,05), persepsi kerentanan dengan p-value = 0,000 (p<0,05), persepsi manfaat dengan p-value = 0,000 (p<0,05), persepsi hambatan dengan p-value = 0,000 (p<0,05), dan tindakan untuk bertindak dengan p-value = 0,000 (p<0,05). Persepsi ibu tentang keseriusan, kerentanan, manfaat, hambatan dan tindakan bertindak tentang vaksinasi Covid-19 memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan pengetahuan ibu tentang vaksinasi Covid-19.

 

Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Ibu Hamil Dan Ibu Menyusui, Vaksinasi Covid-19


Teks Lengkap:

Download Artikel

Referensi


Adane, M., Ademas, A., & Kloos, H. (2022). Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine and refusal to receive COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in northeastern Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12362-8

Al-Zalfawi, S. M., Rabbani, S. I., Asdaq, S. M. B., Alamri, A. S., Alsanie, W. F., Alhomrani, M., Mohzari, Y., Alrashed, A. A., Alrifdah, A. H., & Almagrabe, T. (2021). Public knowledge, attitude, and perception towards COVID-19 vaccination in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910081

Anuar, H., Shah, S. A., Gafor, H., Mahmood, M. I., & Ghazi, H. F. (2020). Usage of Health Belief Model (HBM) in health behavior: A systematic review. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 16(November), 201–209.

Baldolli, A., Michon, J., Verdon, R., & Fournier, A. (2020). Vaccination perception and coverage among healthcare students in France in 2019. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02426-5

Fares, S., Elmnyer, M. M., Mohamed, S. S., & Elsayed, R. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccination Perception and Attitude among Healthcare Workers in Egypt. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health, 12. https://doi.org/10.1177/21501327211013303

Gao, L. ling, Larsson, M., & Luo, S. yuan. (2013). Internet use by Chinese women seeking pregnancy-related information. Midwifery, 29(7), 730–735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2012.07.003

Goncu Ayhan, S., Oluklu, D., Atalay, A., Menekse Beser, D., Tanacan, A., Moraloglu Tekin, O., & Sahin, D. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant women. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 154(2), 291–296. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13713

Januszek, S. M., Faryniak-Zuzak, A., Barnaś, E., Łoziński, T., Góra, T., Siwiec, N., Szczerba, P., Januszek, R., & Kluz, T. (2021). The approach of pregnant women to vaccination based on a covid-19 systematic review. Medicina (Lithuania), 57(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090977

Jayagobi, P. A., Ong, C., Thai, Y. K., Lim, C. C. W., Jiun, S. M., Koon, K. L., Wai, K. C., Chan, J. K. Y., Mathur, M., & Chien, C. M. (2021). Perceptions and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant and lactating women in Singapore: A cross-sectional study. MedRxiv, 19, 2021.06.29.21259741. http://medrxiv.org/content/early/2021/07/04/2021.06.29.21259741.abstract

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Survey in Indonesia. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1(1), 1–8.

Mahmood Beg, B., Hussain, T., Ahmad, M., Areej, S., Majeed, A., Rasheed, M. A., Ahmad, M. M., Shoaib, Q. ul A., & Aroosa, S. (2022). Perceived risk and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine: A survey among general public in Pakistan. PLoS ONE, 17(3 March), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266028

Nguyen, K. H., Srivastav, A., Razzaghi, H., Williams, W., Lindley, M. C., Jorgensen, C., Abad, N., & Singleton, J. A. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination intent, perceptions, and reasons for not vaccinating among groups prioritized for early vaccination — United States, September and December 2020. American Journal of Transplantation, 21(4), 1650–1656. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.16560

Ophinni, Y., Hasibuan, A. S., Widhani, A., Maria, S., Koesnoe, S., Yunihastuti, E., Karjadi, T. H., Rengganis, I., & Djauzi, S. (2020). COVID-19 Vaccines: Current Status and Implication for Use in Indonesia. Acta Medica Indonesiana, 52(4), 388–412.

Oscarsson, M. G., Medin, E., Holmström, I., & Lendahls, L. (2018). Using the Internet as source of information during pregnancy - a descriptive cross-sectional study among fathers-to-be in Sweden. Midwifery, 62, 146–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2018.04.008

Samannodi, M. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among women who are pregnant or planning for pregnancy in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Patient Preference and Adherence, 15, 2609–2618. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S338932

Serçekuş, P., Değirmenciler, B., & Özkan, S. (2021). Internet use by pregnant women seeking childbirth information. Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction, 50(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102144

Sonmezer, M. C., Sahin, T. K., Erul, E., Ceylan, F. S., Hamurcu, M. Y., Morova, N., Al, I. R., & Unal, S. (2022). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perception towards COVID-19 Vaccination among the Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey. Vaccines, 10(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10020278

Speiser, D. E., & Bachmann, M. F. (2020). Covid-19: Mechanisms of vaccination and immunity. Vaccines, 8(3), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030404

Stuckelberger, S., Favre, G., Ceulemans, M., Nordeng, H., Gerbier, E., Lambelet, V., Stojanov, M., Winterfeld, U., Baud, D., Panchaud, A., & Pomar, L. (2021). Sars-cov-2 vaccine willingness among pregnant and breastfeeding women during the first pandemic wave: A cross-sectional study in Switzerland. Viruses, 13(7), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13071199

Subedi, D., Pantha, S., Subedi, S., Gautam, A., Gaire, A., Sapkota, D., Sapkota, S., Kandel, M., Parajuli, A., Ghimire, H., Ghimire, S., Devkota, J., & Dhakal, S. (2021). Perceptions towards covid-19 vaccines and willingness to vaccinate in Nepal. Vaccines, 9(12), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121448

Syan, S. K., Gohari, M. R., Levitt, E. E., Belisario, K., Gillard, J., DeJesus, J., & MacKillop, J. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions and Differences by Sex, Age, and Education in 1,367 Community Adults in Ontario. Frontiers in Public Health, 9(March 2020), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.719665

World Health Organization Indonesia. (2021). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report -43. In World Health Organization (Vol. 2019, Issue February). https://jakartaglobe.id/news/govt-to-copy-india-strategy-using-rapid-antigen-test-for-covid19Cconfirmation%0Ahttps://jakartaglobe.id/news/jokowis-new-fivepoint-plan-anticipates-second-wave-of-pandemic




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v5i3.8536

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


Penerbit: Universitas Malahayati

 Creative Commons License

Semua artikel dapat digunakan dibawah lisensi Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License