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Pengaruh Intervensi Terapi Musik pada Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Hamil: Literature Review
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ABSTRAK
Kecemasan pada kehamilan merupakan reaksi emosional yang terjadi pada ibu hamilterkait dengan kekhawatiran ibu dengan kesejahteraan diri dan janinnya, keberlangsungankehamilan, persalinan, masa setelah persalinan dan ketika telah berperan menjadi ibu. Terapimusik dapat mengurangi kecemasan pasien dan stres, meringankan rasa sakitnya, memodifikasisejumlah parameter fisiologis dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup dalam pengobatan klinis.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi musik terhadap kecemasan pada ibuhamil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review dengan memasukkan kata kunciberupa "anxiety", "pregnant", "music therapy", dan "woman" pada database ebsco dari tahun2010 - 2020. Jumlah artikel yang muncul adalah sebanyak 58 temuan, lalu dipersempit denganmenerapkan kriteria inklusi yaitu Randomized Controlled Trial dan full text article, sehingga menjadi 12 artikel dan diambil 5 artikel yang sesuai kriteria. Hasil literatur didapatkan beberapa intervensi terapi musik pada ibu hamil dengan kondisi fertilisasi in vitro-transfer embrio, operasi caesar, ibu pada kehamilan trimester, ibu hamil yang sedang melakukan trans vaginal ultrasound serta ibu hamil yang sedang dirawat. Jenis musik yang digunakan adalah musik biola dan viola concerto karya Bach, Martini dan Mozart, musik bertempo pelan, musik Tao-lyre, musik dengan suara alam. Berdasarkan hasil literatur yang telah ditelaah, kelima artikel tersebut menyebutkan bahwa terapi musik terbukti dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada ibu hamil.
Kata Kunci: Terapi Musik, Kecemasan, Ibu Hamil
ABSTRACT
Anxiety in pregnancy is an emotional reaction that occurs in pregnant women related to the mother's concern for the welfare of herself and her fetus, the continuity of pregnancy, childbirth, the period after childbirth and when she has played the role of being a mother. Music therapy can reduce patient anxiety and stress, relieve pain, modify a number of physiological parameters and improve quality of life in clinical medicine. This study aims to determine the effect of music therapy on anxiety in pregnant women. This study used the literature review method by including the keywords "anxiety", "pregnant", "music therapy", and "woman" in the ebsco database from 2010 - 2020. The number of articles that appeared was 58 findings, then narrowed by applying the inclusion criteria, namely Randomized Controlled Trial and full text articles, so that there were 12 articles and 5 articles that met the criteria were taken. The results of the literature found several music therapy interventions in pregnant women with conditions of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, caesarean section, women in trimesters of pregnancy, pregnant women who are doing trans vaginal ultrasound and pregnant women who are being treated. The types of music used are violin and viola concerto by Bach, Martini and Mozart, slow tempo music, Tao-lyre music, music with natural sounds. Based on the results of the literature that has been reviewed, the five articles state that music therapy is proven to reduce anxiety levels in pregnant women
Keyword: Music Therapy, Anxiety, Pregnant Women
Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v5i8.9052
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