Pengaruh Kualitas Tidur Terhadap Perubahan Kadar Brain-Derived Neurothrophic Factor pada Pasien Bipolar di Rumah Sakit Universitas Sebelas Maret

Anisa Nindiasari, Aris Sudiyanto, Wijaya Kusuma

Abstract


Perubahan kualitas, durasi, dan struktur tidur sering diamati pada pasien dengan Bipolar Disorder (BD). Gangguan tidur dapat meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap stres yang berpotensi menurunkan produksi Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). Pemantauan kadar BDNF sebagai biomarker dapat membantu perancangan intervensi terapeutik yang lebih spesifik dan individual untuk mengatasi penurunan kognitif dan gangguan fungsional yang terkait dengan BD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas tidur terhadap perubahan kadar BDNF pada pasien dengan Bipolar Disorder di RS UNS Surakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik komparatif yang membandingkan antara kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol. Sebanyak 60 sampel didapatkan dan diambil sebagai subjek penelitian yaitu kelompok dengan 25% kadar BDNF tertinggi sebagai kelompok kontrol (n=15) dan kelompok dengan kadar BDNF terendah sebagai kelompok kasus (n=15). Kualitas tidur diukur menggunakan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sedangkan kadar BDNF diukur melalui prosedur pengambilan darah. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan independent t-test dan Mann–Whitney test, uji korelasi Pearson, serta analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai koefisien korelasi (rho) sebesar –0,905 dengan nilai p = 0,000 (p < 0,05), yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan sangat kuat dan signifikan antara kualitas tidur dengan kadar BDNF pada pasien BD. Analisis regresi linier sederhana menghasilkan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar –5,52, yang menunjukkan bahwa pasien BD dengan kualitas tidur buruk berpotensi mengalami penurunan kadar BDNF sebesar sekitar 5,52 ng/mL. Kesimpulannya, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kualitas tidur terhadap perubahan kadar BDNF pada pasien dengan Bipolar Disorder.


Keywords


Kualitas tidur; BDNF; Bipolar

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v9i4.23215

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