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Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Asma: Studi Potong Lintang
Abstract
Asma merupakan penyakit pernapasan kronis yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup penderita melalui gangguan fisik dan psikologis. Dukungan keluarga dapat membantu penderita dalam mengelola gejala, menjalani pengobatan, dan mempertahankan kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup penderita asma di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Baros Kota Sukabumi. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional ini melibatkan 93 penderita asma yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Dukungan keluarga diukur menggunakan Perceived Social Support from Family (PSS-Fa), sedangkan kualitas hidup diukur menggunakan WHOQOL-BREF. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Pearson Chi-Square dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Dari 93 responden, sebanyak 61 orang (65,6%) mendapatkan dukungan keluarga, sedangkan 32 orang (34,4%) tidak mendapatkan dukungan keluarga. Sebanyak 72 responden (77,4%) memiliki kualitas hidup buruk dan 21 responden (22,6%) memiliki kualitas hidup baik. Kualitas hidup buruk ditemukan pada 29 dari 32 responden (90,6%) yang tidak mendapatkan dukungan keluarga dan 43 dari 61 responden (70,5%) yang mendapatkan dukungan keluarga. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup (p = 0,027). Responden yang tidak mendapatkan dukungan keluarga memiliki prevalensi kualitas hidup buruk 1,29 kali dibandingkan responden yang mendapatkan dukungan keluarga (PR = 1,29; IK 95%: 1,06–1,57). Dukungan keluarga berhubungan secara bermakna dengan kualitas hidup penderita asma. Penguatan keterlibatan keluarga dapat mendukung upaya peningkatan kualitas hidup penderita asma dalam pelayanan kesehatan primer.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v10i3.25699
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