Post-caesarean section pain and quality of sleep among mothers who delivered by caesarean section under spinal anesthesia
Abstract
Background: Post caesarean section mothers commonly feel pain in the post-operative area during the wound healing process. Most post-operative mothers feel the pain sensation as a disturbance and lowering their quality of sleep.
Purpose: To determine pain level and identify the relationship of pain level and sleep quality among mothers who delivered by caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.
Method: The descriptive non-experimental correlative study design identified 50 mothers from Inpatient Ward Wava Husada Hospital of Kepanjen, Malang, East Java, Indonesia at April 2020. The Post-caesarean section pain level identified by using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the sleep quality is measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire.
Results: 38 mothers (76%) had severe pain level and most of them (43 mothers) had poor sleep quality. The Spearman correlation test showed that there was a relationship between the Post-caesarean section pain level and sleep quality, p value = 0.000 (p <0.05) and r = 0.314.
Conclusion: The post-caesarean section pain levels among mothers who delivered by caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia should be identified earlier as we would like to encourage the nursing staff to give further intervention to maintain their sleep quality.
Keywords
References
Abang, K., & Karangasem, K. (2019). Reliabilitas Kusioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI ) Versi Bahasa Indonesia Dalam Mengukur. 3(2).
Aktaş, D., İskender, Ö., & Topaloğlu, M. G. (2020). Relationship Between the Level of Pain and Quality of Sleep in Women After a Cesarean-section. Bezmialem Science, 8(1), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.14235/bas.galenos.2019.3183
Boerma, T., Ronsmans, C., Melesse, D. Y., Barros, A., Barros, F. C., Juan, L., Moller, A.-B., Say, L., Hosseinpoor, A., Yi, M., De Lyra Rabello Neto, D., & Temmerman, M. (2018). The global epidemiology of Caesarean Sections: major increases and wide disparities. The Lancet. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140
Boonstra, A. M., Stewart, R. E., Köke, A. J. A., & Oosterwijk, R. F. A. (2016). Cut-Off Points for Mild , Moderate , and Severe Pain on the Numeric Rating Scale for Pain in Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain : Variability and Influence of Sex and Catastrophizing. 7(September), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01466
Fitri, M., Trisyani, M., & Maryati, I. (2012). Hubungan Intensitas Nyeri Luka Sectio Caesarea Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Pasien Post Partum Hari Ke-2 Di Ruang Rawat Inap Rsud Sumedang. Milla Fitri Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran (Jl. Raya Bandung – Sumedang KM, 21, 1–14.
Gamez, B. H., & Habib, A. S. (2018). Predicting severity of acute pain after cesarean delivery: A narrative review. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 126(5), 1606–1614. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002658
Gomes, A. A., Marques, D. R., Maria, A., Filipa, M., & Vanda, C. (2018). Psychometric properties and accuracy of the European Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in clinical and non- clinical samples. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 0(0), 0. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-018-0171-9
Gupta, N., Gupta, S., Agarwal, A., Agarwal, S., & Mahto, R. (2016). A comparison of visual analog scale and Wong Baker facial Post-caesarean section pain for pain measurement in post lower caesarean section case. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 5(9), 3032–3035. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20162979
Jasim, H. H., Sulaiman, S. A. B. S., Khan, A. H., & Rajah, U. A. S. (2017). Factors affecting post caesarean pain intensity among women in the northern peninsular of Malaysia. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 11(9), IC07-IC11. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/25364.10630
Karcioglu, O., Topacoglu, H., Dikme, O., & Dikme, O. (2018). American Journal of Emergency Medicine A systematic review of the Post-caesarean section pains in adults : Which to use ? American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 36(4), 707–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2018.01.008
Knudsen, R. K., Kruse, A. R., & Lou, S. (2020). Parents’ experiences of early discharge after a planned caesarean section: A qualitative interpretive study. Midwifery, 86, 102706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102706
Ko, Y. L., Lin, P. C., & Chen, S. C. (2015). Stress, sleep quality and unplanned Caesarean section in pregnant women. International Journal of Nursing Practice. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12267
Lee, J., Nagarajan, S., Tan, C. W., & Sng, B. L. (2018). Persistent post-Caesarean pain. Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care, 20, 26–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tacc.2018.04.003
Majzoobi, M. M., A, M. R. M. M., Nazari-, F., Biglari, M., & Poorolajal, J. (2004). Comparing Quality of Life in Women after Vaginal Delivery and Cesarean Section. Md.
Marfuah, D., Nurhayati, N., Mutiar, A., Sumiati, M., & Mardiani, R. (2019). Pain Intensity among Women with Post-Caesarean Section: A Descriptive Study. KnE Life Sciences, 2019, 657–663. https://doi.org/10.18502/kls.v4i13.5322
Paine, S., Signal, T. L., Sweeney, B., Priston, M., Muller, D., Smith, A., Huthwaite, M., Stell, M., Sa, F., Gander, P., & Lee, K. (2020). Maternal sleep disturbances in late pregnancy and the association with emergency caesarean section : A prospective cohort study. Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation, 6(1), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2019.11.004
Quinlan, J. (2019). Caesarean delivery: Bringing more than just a bundle of joy. Canadian Journal of Pain, 3(2), 5–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/24740527.2019.1574538
Shuchi, F. A., Lovereen, S., & Mina, M. N. (2019). Outcome of Mode of Delivery in Nulliparous and Multiparous Women Presenting with Early and Late Cervical Dilatation. Delta Medical College Journal, 7(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v7i1.40616
Silva, T. C., Silva, B., & Tatagiba, F. (2017). Postoperative pain in women undergoing caesarean section Dor pós-operatória em mulheres submetidas à cesariana abstract : 374–383.
Sun, K. W., & Pan, P. H. (2019). Persistent pain after cesarean delivery. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 40, 78–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2019.06.003
Tapar, H., Karaman, S., Dogru, S., Karaman, T., & Dogru, H. Y. (2018). Evaluation of Postoperative Analgesic Consumption After Emergency and Elective Cesarean Section. Gynecology Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, 25(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.21613/gorm.2018.778
Yimer, H., & Woldie, H. (2019). Incidence and Associated Factors of Chronic Pain After Caesarean Section: A Systematic Review. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 41(6), 840–854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2018.04.006
Zafarghandi, N., Hadavand, S., Davati, A., Mohseni, S. M., Kimiaiimoghadam, F., & Torkestani, F. (2012). The effects of sleep quality and duration in late pregnancy on labor and fetal outcome. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 25(5), 535–537. https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2011.600370
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/minh.v3i2.3473
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science
![Creative Commons License](http://licensebuttons.net/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.