Intervensi Pursed-Lip Breathing dan Posisi High Fowler untuk Mengatasi Gejala Sesak Napas pada Pasien dengan Coronary Artery Disease: Sebuah Studi Kasus

Hannifa Dwi Aulia, Sri Hartati Pratiwi, Eka Afrima Sari

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ABSTRACT

 

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a pathological process characterized by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries, both obstructive and non-obstructive. CAD often causes chest pain and shortness of breath. However, patients with symptoms of tightness have 4 times higher mortality compared to patients without chest pain. Pursed-lip breathing intervention and a high fowler position can be done to reduce the shortness of breath experienced by CAD patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pursed-lip breathing nursing intervention and high fowler position on shortness of breath felt by patients with coronary artery disease. This research method was carried out with a case study approach that used a case about coronary artery disease with complaints of shortness of breath in one of the patient in a hospital in Indonesia.  The results of the study obtained were patients complaining of shortness of breath on a scale of 7 out of 10, respiration rate (RR) is 25 breath per minute, SpO2 value of 100% with oxygen 5L/minute, and heard ronkhi lung sounds. Thus, patients are given nursing intervention in the form of pursed-lip breathing and high fowler positions. The results obtained during the three days of treatment were shortness of breath on a scale of 2 out of 10, respiration rate is 18 breath per minute, SpO2 value of 95% without the oxygen therapy, and ronkhi sound is absent. The conclusion is that pursed-lip breathing intervention and high fowler position are effective in patients who experience shortness of breath. Therefore, pursed-lip breathing interventions and high fowler positions can be applied to patients with coronary artery disease who experience symptoms of shortness of breath.

 

Keywords: Pursed-Lip Breathing, High Fowler, Coronary Artery Disease

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Penyakit arteri koroner atau coronary artery disease (CAD) atau penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) adalah proses patologis yang ditandai dengan akumulasi plak aterosklerotik di arteri, baik obstruktif maupun non-obstruktif. PJK sering kali menimbulkan  nyeri pada dada dan sesak napas. Namun, pasien dengan gejala sesak memiliki mortalitas empat kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasien tanpa gejala sesak. Intervensi pursed-lip breathing dan posisi high fowler dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi rasa sesak yang dialami pasien PJK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh intervensi keperawatan pursed-lip breathing dan posisi high fowler terhadap gejala sesak yang dirasakan oleh pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang menggunakan sebuah kasus tentang coronary artery disease dengan keluhan sesak napas pada salah satu pasien di rumah sakit yang ada di Indonesia.  Hasil pengkajian yang didapatkan yaitu pasien mengeluh sesak napas skala 7 dari 10, respiration rate (RR) 25x/menit, saturasi oksigen 100% dengan oksigen 5L/menit, dan terdengar suara ronkhi. Sehingga, pasien diberikan intervensi keperawatan berupa pursed-lip breathing dan posisi high fowler. Hasil yang didapatkan selama tiga hari perawatan, yaitu keluhan sesak napas skala 2 dari 10, respiration rate menjadi 18x/menit, saturasi oksigen 95% tanpa bantuan terapi oksigen. Intervensi pursed-lip breathing dan posisi high fowler efektif diterapkan pada pasien yang mengalami sesak napas. Maka dari itu, intervensi pursed-lip breathing dan posisi high fowler dapat diterapkan pada pasien dengan coronary artery disease yang mengalami gejala sesak napas.

 

Kata Kunci: Pursed-Lip Breathing, High Fowler, Penyakit Jantung Koroner


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i9.10894

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