Kajian Literatur: Pengaruh Konsumsi Air Bersih Terhadap Stunting Pada Anak yang Berasal dari Keluarga Berpendapatan Rendah

Sarah Narumi Munthe, Ronauli Margaretha Silalahi, Khairunnisa Cahya Pertiwi, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Helen Andriani

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ABSTRACT

 

This literature review suggests that clean water is a significant factor in nutrition-related health problems. A study reports that only 20% of Indonesians have access to clean water, mainly in urban areas, indicating the influence of various socioeconomic factors. This literature review aims to analyze the theoretical effect of clean water consumption on stunting incidence in children from low-income families. Articles from three databases: Sage Journals, Science Direct, and Pubmed are used in this literature review. The search focused on keywords ‘children under five’, ‘low-income family’, ‘clean water consumption’, ‘stunting’, and ‘nutritional status’, using Boolean operators ‘AND’ and ‘OR’. Eight articles were reviewed and showed that clean water consumption impacts the incidence of stunting in children, particularly those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Key findings include: 1) Poor nutritional outcomes in children associated with inadequate water intake practices; 2) The association between low income, education levels, and child stunting; and 3) The significance of appropriate sanitation facilities to support children's nutritional status. The literature review results indicate that stunting is prevalent in children lacking access to good sanitation and living in undereducated families with low-income levels. It concludes that consumption of clean water affects stunting incidence in low-income children. The literature review recommends providing nutrition education for parents in low-income households and improving sanitation facilities in areas where stunting is prevalent.

 

Keywords: Stunting, Nutritional Status, Clean Water Consumption, Low Income Family

 

ABSTRAK

 

Studi literature review ini menjelaskan bahwa air bersih adalah faktor signifikan dalam masalah kesehatan terkait gizi. Sebuah studi menyatakan akses air bersih di Indonesia hanya mencapai 20% dan didominasi oleh daerah perkotaan, yang mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan tingkat sosial ekonomi. Literatur ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi air bersih terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak yang berasal dari keluarga berpendapatan rendah. Metode kajian literatur dilakukan menggunakan tiga database: Sage Journals, Science Direct, dan Pubmed. Kata kunci untuk pencarian artikel adalah ‘children under five’, ‘low income family’,’clean water consumption’,’stunting’, dan ‘nutritional status’ dengan ‘AND’ dan ‘OR’ sebagai Boolean operator. Hasil dari kajian literatur terhadap delapan artikel menemukan bahwa konsumsi air bersih memiliki pengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak, khususnya anak yang berasal dari keluarga dengan status sosial ekonomi rendah. Hasil kajian artikel menemukan: 1) Rendahnya status gizi pada anak dengan praktik konsumsi air bersih yang kurang; 2) Kaitan pendapatan rendah, tingkat Pendidikan, dan kondisi stunting pada anak; dan 3) Pentingnya fasilitas sanitasi yang memadai untuk menunjang status gizi anak. Hasil kajian literatur mengindikasikan bahwa stunting lebih prevalen pada anak tanpa akses sanitasi yang baik dan berasal dari keluarga berpendidikan dan berpendapatan rendah. Kesimpulan dari kajian literatur adalah konsumsi air bersih berpengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak yang berasal dari keluarga berpendapatan rendah. Rekomendasi yang diberikan berupa edukasi gizi pada orang tua di keluarga berpendapatan rendah dan perbaikan fasilitas sanitasi di daerah dengan prevalensi stunting yang tinggi.

 

Kata Kunci: Stunting, Status Gizi, Konsumsi Air Bersih, Anak, Keluarga Berpendapatan Rendah


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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i2.13301

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