Hubungan Antara Perilaku Pencegahan dan Kepatuhan Pengobatan dengan Prevalensi Penularan Tuberkulosis di Kota Tarakan

Sulidah Sulidah, Muhammad Irwan, Elmania Elmania

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ABSTRACT

 

Tuberculosis is a global and national problem. TB patients can play a crucial role as a source of transmission, but they can also help accelerate the interruption of the TB transmission chain through preventive behavior and compliance with treatment programs. This study aims to identify the preventive behavior and treatment compliance of TB patients and analyze their relationship with TB transmission prevalence. This research is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consists of all Pulmonary TB patients registered and undergoing treatment programs at first-level health care facilities in Tarakan City. The sample size was 84 respondents taken using purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria for this study are: pulmonary TB patients, registered and undergoing TB treatment process at Community Health Centers in Tarakan City, willing to participate as respondents, and aged over 17 years. The research instrument was adopted from Juliati (2019) with a Cronbach Alpha of 0.88. The results of this study showed that most TB patients have poor preventive behavior but high compliance with treatment programs. Statistical analysis using Binary Logistic Regression obtained sig. = 0.014 with OR = 24.416 for TB prevention behavior and sig. = 0.086 with OR = 2.032 for treatment compliance; it is concluded that preventive behavior has a significant relationship with TB transmission but the opposite applies to TB treatment compliance.

 

Keywords: Compliance, Preventive Behavior, Transmission, Tuberculosis

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Tuberkulosis merupakan masalah global dan nasional. Penderita TB dapat berperan penting sebagai sumber penularan, tetapi ia juga dapat membantu mempercepat memutus rantai penularan TB melalui perilaku pencegahan dan kepatuhan pada program pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perilaku pencegahan dan kepatuhan pengobatan oleh penderita TB serta menganalisis hubungan keduanya dengan prevalensi penularan TB. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh penderita TB Paru yang terdaftar dan mengikuti program pengobatan pada fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan tingkat pertama di Kota Tarakan. Besar sampel sebanyak 84 responden yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Kriteria inklusi penelitian ini yaitu: pasien TB Paru, terdaftar dan mengikuti proses pengobatan TB di Puskesmas di Kota Tarakan, bersedia menjadi responden, dan berusia lebih dari 17 tahun.  Instrumen penelitian di adopsi dari Juliati (2019) dengan Cronbach Alpha 0,88. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh sebagian besar penderita TB mempunyai perilaku pencegahan yang buruk tetapi memiliki kepatuhan yang tinggi pada program pengobatan. Analisis statistik menggunakan Regression Binary Logistic diperoleh sig. = 0,014  dengan OR = 24,416 untuk perilaku pencegahan TB dan sig. = 0,086 dan OR  = 2,032 untuk kepatuhan pengobatan; sehingga disimpulkan bahwa perilaku pencegahan mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna terhadap penularan TB tetapi berlaku sebaliknya untuk kepatuhan pengobatan TB.

 

Kata Kunci: Perilaku Pencegahan, Penularan, Kepatuhan, Tuberculosis


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i10.15198

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