Hambatan Dalam Deteksi dan Pengobatan Tuberkulosis Pada Anak: Sebuah Narrative Review

Nina Nahdriah, Windy Rakhmawati, Ema Arum Rukmasari

Sari


ABSTRACT

 

Tuberculosis (TB) in children is a significant global health issue, with numerous challenges in detection and treatment. The inability to obtain diagnostic samples, such as sputum, in children, along with the limited availability of diagnostic tests, exacerbates the problem of detection. Other barriers include a lack of knowledge among healthcare professionals and the community about TB in children. To explore various barriers in the detection and treatment of tuberculosis in children. This study employed a narrative review design, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) procedure for article selection. Inclusion criteria encompassed articles discussing barriers in the detection and treatment of TB in children, published within the last ten years, and written in English. Data analysis was conducted by identifying key themes related to detection and treatment barriers. Analysis of the articles revealed seven studies discussing the barriers in detecting and treating tuberculosis in children. The primary barriers to TB detection in children include difficulties in obtaining adequate diagnostic samples, limited knowledge of healthcare professionals regarding TB diagnosis in children, and low community awareness of the disease’s symptoms. In treatment, barriers include patient non-adherence to treatment regimens, limited access to appropriate medications, and previously undetected side effects. A holistic approach is needed to enhance healthcare professional training, improve diagnostic technology, and strengthen community awareness to address these challenges and increase the effectiveness of TB treatment in children.

 

Keywords: Detection, Barriers, Treatment, Tuberculosis.



ABSTRAK

 

Tuberkulosis (TB) pada anak merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang signifikan, dengan banyak tantangan dalam deteksi dan pengobatan. Ketidakmampuan untuk memperoleh sampel diagnostik, seperti sputum, pada anak-anak, serta keterbatasan tes diagnostik yang tersedia, memperburuk masalah deteksi. Hambatan lainnya mencakup kurangnya pengetahuan di kalangan tenaga medis dan masyarakat mengenai TB pada anak.  Untuk mengeksplorasi berbagai hambatan dalam deteksi dan pengobatan tuberkulosis pada anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain narrative review yang mengikuti prosedur PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) untuk seleksi artikel. Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel yang membahas hambatan dalam deteksi dan pengobatan TB pada anak, dipublikasikan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir, dan menggunakan bahasa inggris. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi tema-tema utama terkait hambatan deteksi dan pengobatan. Hasil dari analisis artikel menunjukkan terdapat 7 artikel yang membahas tentang hambatan dalam deteksi dan pengobatan tuberkulosis pada anak. Hambatan utama dalam deteksi TB pada anak adalah kesulitan dalam memperoleh sampel diagnostik yang cukup, kurangnya pengetahuan tenaga medis tentang diagnosis TB pada anak, serta rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat mengenai gejala penyakit. Untuk pengobatan, hambatan meliputi masalah kepatuhan pasien terhadap regimen pengobatan, keterbatasan akses ke obat yang tepat, serta efek samping yang tidak terdeteksi sebelumnya. Perlunya pendekatan holistik untuk meningkatkan pelatihan tenaga medis, memperbaiki teknologi diagnostik, serta memperkuat kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengatasi tantangan ini dan meningkatkan efektivitas pengobatan TB pada anak. Diperlukan strategi yang menyeluruh, seperti peningkatan kapasitas tenaga kesehatan dalam diagnosis TB anak serta edukasi berkelanjutan kepada keluarga dan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dan mempercepat deteksi dini pada penyakit tuberkulosis.

 

Kata Kunci: Deteksi, Hambatan, Pengobatan, Tuberculosis.


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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i4.18938

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