Analisa Kebiasaan Konsumsi Kopi dengan Peningkatan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia dengan Riwayat Hipertensi

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ABSTRACT

In Indonesia, an estimated 63.3 million people suffer from this condition causing 427,218 deaths, especially in the 60-70 year age group. The 2018 Riskesdas report shows that West Java Province is the region with the highest frequency of hypertension. The coffee consumed is distributed through the bloodstream through the digestive system within 5-15 minutes.  There is a lot of caffeine in coffee which has an acute effect on blood pressure, especially in people with hypertension. Coffee that is drunk with a certain frequency (1-3 cups/day) actually becomes a protective factor against hypertension and there is also evidence that coffee consumption increases the risk of hypertension (>5 cups/day). Research objective to determine the analysis of coffee drinking habits and increased blood pressure in elderly people with a history of hypertension in Cipeundeuy Rt 12 village for the period December 2024. This research is a cross-sectional observational analytical study, with the dependent variable being increased blood pressure and the independent variables being time to drink coffee, frequency of drinking coffee, duration of drinking coffee, and type of coffee variant. This research uses a total sampling technique, namely a sampling technique of 33 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Cross Tabulation Results of the relationship between coffee drinking time and increased blood pressure show a p-value of 0.001 > 0.05, which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Cross Tabulation results of the relationship between frequency of drinking coffee and increased blood pressure show a p-value of 0.000 > 0.05, which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Cross Tabulation results of the relationship between duration of drinking coffee and increased blood pressure showed a p-value of 0.043 > 0.05, which means Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Cross Tabulation results of the relationship between coffee varieties and increased blood pressure show a p-value of 0.001 > 0.05, which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. There is a significant relationship between time of drinking coffee, frequency of drinking coffee, duration of drinking coffee and type of coffee variant with increased blood pressure.  It is hoped that this research can provide information to the public, especially the elderly, on the importance of controlling consumption habits, both in terms of time, frequency and types of coffee variants.

Keywords: Increased Blood Pressure, Time to Drink Coffee, Frequency of Coffee, Duration of Drinking Coffee, Type of Coffee.

ABSTRAK

Di Indonesia, diperkirakan 63.3 juta orang menderita kondisi ini menyebabkan 427.218 kematian, terutama pada kelompok usia 60-70 tahun. Laporan Riskesdas tahun 2018  menujukkan bahwa Provinsi   Jawa   Barat   merupakan   wilayah   dengan frekuensi hipertensi tertinggi. Kopi  yang dikonsumsi didistribusikan lewat aliran darah melalui system pencernaan dalam waktu 5-15 menit.  Kafein banyak terdapat  pada  kopi  yang  berpengaruh terhadap tekanan darah secara akut terutama pada penderita hipertensi. Kopi yang diminum dengan frekuensi tertentu(1-3 cangkir/hari) justru menjadi factor protektif dari hipertensi   dan   ada   juga   yang   menunjukan bahwa konsumi  kopi   meningkatkan risiko hipertensi (>5 cangkir/hari). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Analisa kebiasaan minum kopi dengan peningkatan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan riwayat hipertensi didesa cipeundeuy Rt 12 periode Desember 2024. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasi jenis cross sectional, dengan variabel dependen peningkatan tekanan darah dan variabel independen waktu minu kopi, frekuensi minu kopi, lama minum kopi, dan jenis varian kopi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling yaitu tehnik pengambilan sampel berjumlah 33 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner. Hasil Cross Tabulasi hubungan antara waktu minum kopi dan peningkatan tekanan darah  menunjukkan hasil p-value sebesar 0,001 > 0,05 yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil Cross Tabulasi hubungan antara frekuensi minum kopi dan peningkatan tekanan darah  menunjukkan hasil p-value sebesar 0,000 > 0,05 yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil Cross Tabulasi hubungan antara lama minu kopi dan peningkatan tekanan darah  menunjukkan hasil p-value sebesar 0,043 > 0,05 yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil Cross Tabulasi hubungan antara jenis vaarian kopi dan peningkatan tekanan darah  menunjukkan hasil p-value sebesar 0,001 > 0,05 yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara waktu minum kopi, frekuensi minum kopi, lama minum kopi dan jenis varian kopi dengan peningkatan tekanan darah.  Diharapkan Penelitian ini dapat menjadi informasi untuk masyarakat terkhusus lansia pentingnya mengendalikan kebiasaan mengkonsumsi baik dari waktu, frekuensi, jenis varian kopi.

Kata Kunci: Peningkatan Tekanan Darah, Waktu Minu Kopi, Frekuensi Kopi,Lama Minum Kopi, Jenis Kopi.