Efektivitas Alat Digital dalam Meningkatkan Serah Terima Pasien dan Komunikasi Keselamatan:Sebuah Literatur Sistematis
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ABSTRACT
Ineffective patient handovers represent a critical challenge in healthcare systems, contributing to patient safety risks and issues with care continuity. Communication failures during handoffs are major factors in preventable medical errors, such as medication mistakes, delayed diagnoses, and adverse clinical outcomes. The integration of digital tools, including Electronic Health Records (EHR), telemedicine platforms, and mobile applications, has been proposed as a solution to bridge these communication gaps. This systematic literature review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital tools in improving patient handover processes and enhancing communication for patient safety within healthcare environments. The study adheres to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and includes literature published between 2013 and 2025. A comprehensive search of relevant databases, such as Scopus and MDPI, identified 41 documents, 20 of which met the inclusion criteria for analysis. These studies examine the impact of digital tools like EHR, AI-based systems, mobile apps, and telemedicine on clinical handovers. The findings demonstrate that digital tools significantly enhance communication efficiency, reduce medical errors, and improve care coordination. EHR systems, for instance, have been shown to increase the accuracy of handovers and reduce miscommunication. Additionally, mobile applications and telemedicine platforms have enabled real-time communication, leading to improved patient outcomes and fewer adverse events. Despite these benefits, challenges remain regarding implementation, including staff resistance, inadequate training, and integration with existing workflows. Digital tools have the potential to transform patient handover processes and improve patient safety. However, successful implementation requires careful consideration of organizational readiness, staff training, and the adaptation of tools to local contexts. Future research should address methodological gaps and explore the long-term impact of these tools on patient outcomes.
Keywords: Digital Tools, Patient Handover, Patient Safety, Communication, Healthcare Technology.
ABSTRAK
Serah terima pasien yang tidak efektif merupakan tantangan kritis dalam sistem perawatan kesehatan, yang berkontribusi pada risiko keselamatan pasien dan masalah kontinuitas perawatan. Kegagalan komunikasi selama serah terima merupakan faktor utama dalam kesalahan medis yang dapat dicegah, seperti kesalahan pemberian obat, keterlambatan diagnosis, dan hasil klinis yang merugikan. Integrasi alat digital, termasuk Rekam Medis Elektronik (EHR), platform telemedisin, dan aplikasi seluler, telah diusulkan sebagai solusi untuk menjembatani kesenjangan komunikasi ini. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas alat digital dalam meningkatkan proses serah terima pasien dan meningkatkan komunikasi untuk keselamatan pasien dalam lingkungan perawatan kesehatan. Studi ini mengikuti pedoman PRISMA untuk tinjauan sistematis dan mencakup literatur yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2013 dan 2025. Pencarian komprehensif pada basis data yang relevan, seperti Scopus dan MDPI, mengidentifikasi 41 dokumen, 20 di antaranya memenuhi kriteria inklusi untuk analisis. Studi-studi ini meneliti dampak alat digital seperti EHR, sistem berbasis AI, aplikasi seluler, dan telemedisin pada proses serah terima pasien. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa alat digital secara signifikan meningkatkan efisiensi komunikasi, mengurangi kesalahan medis, dan meningkatkan koordinasi perawatan. Sistem EHR, misalnya, telah terbukti meningkatkan akurasi serah terima dan mengurangi miskomunikasi. Selain itu, aplikasi seluler dan platform telemedisin telah memungkinkan komunikasi secara real-time, yang mengarah pada peningkatan hasil pasien dan lebih sedikit kejadian buruk. Terlepas dari manfaat ini, tantangan tetap ada terkait implementasi, termasuk resistensi staf, pelatihan yang tidak memadai, dan integrasi dengan alur kerja yang ada. Alat digital berpotensi untuk mengubah proses serah terima pasien dan meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Namun, implementasi yang sukses membutuhkan pertimbangan yang cermat terhadap kesiapan organisasi, pelatihan staf, dan adaptasi alat terhadap konteks lokal. Penelitian di masa mendatang harus mengatasi kesenjangan metodologis dan mengeksplorasi dampak jangka panjang alat-alat ini terhadap hasil pasien.
Kata Kunci: Alat Digital, Serah Terima Pasien, Keselamatan Pasien, Komunikasi, Teknologi Kesehatan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i2.20494
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