Korelasi IMT dan Aktifitas Fisik dengan Skor Risiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner di Puskesmas Mojolangu Kota Malang

Angernani Trias Wulandari, Abdul Qodir, Dwi Soelistyoningsih

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ABSTRACT

 

Cardiovascular disease represents a significant global health concern, with Indonesia being a country particularly affected by this condition. Data from the United States indicates that coronary heart disease is the leading cause of mortality, accounting for more than 40% of all deaths. Concurrently, data from Indonesia indicates a yearly escalation in the prevalence of heart disease. According to the most recent data, heart disease is responsible for 19 million deaths per year, making it the second leading cause of mortality after stroke and cancer. There exists a multitude of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), including, but not limited to, obesity and physical inactivity. A surge in obesity rates has been observed in Indonesia. The results of the 2018 Riskesdas study indicated that 33.5% of the Indonesian population exhibited inadequate levels of physical activity. Determine the correlation between BMI, physical activity, and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at the Mojolangu Health Center in Malang City. An observational, analytic research design was used with a cross-sectional approach and a rule-of-thumb sampling technique to obtain 50 respondents for the study. Inclusion criteria for this study are respondents who have hypertension and are 40 years old. There is a significant correlation between BMI and CHD risk, as assessed using FRS (p=0.000, r=0.972). There was also a significant correlation between physical activity and CHD risk, with p = 0.000 and r = -0.768. There is a significant relationship between higher BMI and higher CHD risk. Regarding physical activity, the lower the level of activity, the higher the risk of CHD.

 

Keywords: Body Mass Index, Cardiovascular Disease, Physical Activity.

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Penyakit pada kardiovaskuler merupakan permasalahan kesehatan utama pada dunia maupun di Indonesia. Data di Amerika Serikat menunjukkan bahwa kematian akibat penyakit jantung koroner adalah yang tertinggi dengan persentase lebih dari 40%. Sementara data di Indonesia menunujukkan bahwa angka penyakit jantung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Saat ini mortalitas karena penyakit jantung mencapai 19 juta dan tertinggi setelah stroke dan kanker. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko terjadinya PJK termasuk obesitas dan aktivitas fisik. Terdapat peningkatan angka obesitas di Indonesia pada tahun 2023. Hasil studi Riskesdas 2018, menunjukkan bahawa 33,5% penduduk Indonesia memiliki aktivitas fisik yang kurang. Mengetahui Korelasi antara IMT dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Skor Risiko PJK di Puskesmas Mojolangu Kota Malang. Desain penelitian observasional analitik pengambilan data menggunakan teknik cross sectional. Teknik sampling pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik rule of thumb dan didapatkan 50 responden sebagai sampel penelitian. Responden yang memiliki hipertensi dan berusia 40 tahun menjadi kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara indeks masa tubuh dengan risiko PJK yang dinilai menggunakan FRS p=0,000 dan r=0,972. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan risiko PJK dengan p=0,000 dan r=-0,768. Terdapat hubungan signifikan dengan penjelasan bahwa semakin tinggi IMT maka semakin tinggi risiko PJK. Pada aktivitas fisik, dapat dijelaskan bahwa hubungan aktivitas fisik dan risiko PJK berbanding terbalik yaitu semakin rendah aktivitas fisik maka semakin tinggi risiko PJK. 

 

Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Fisik, Indeks Masa Tubuh, Penyakit Jantung Koroner.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i3.21163

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