Rempah Maluku Permen Pala Terhadap Intensitas Mual Muntah Ibu Hamil Trimester Pertama

Sari

ABSTRACT

Nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy is a common condition experienced by 50–70% of pregnant women and has the potential to develop into hyperemesis gravidarum if left untreated. Non-pharmacological interventions based on local wisdom, such as the use of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), are promising alternatives because of their safe and easily accepted properties. This study aims to analyze the effect of consumption of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) as a complementary therapy on the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the first trimester and to determine the level of respondents' acceptance of nutmeg candy. The research design used a quasi-experiment with a pre-post test design. A sample of 35 pregnant women in the first trimester who experienced mild nausea and vomiting was selected by purposive sampling in the working area of the Laimu Care Health Center and Tehua Health Center, Central Maluku Regency. The intervention was in the form of consuming nutmeg candy 3 times a day for 7 days. The research instrument used the PUQE scale to assess the intensity of nausea and vomiting and a hedonic questionnaire to assess product acceptance. Data analysis was carried out by paired t-test. The average nausea and vomiting score decreased from 2.57 (pre-test) to 1.11 (post-test) with a p=0.000 value, showing a significant difference. As many as 94.2% of respondents stated that they really liked nutmeg candy, indicating a high level of acceptance of the product. Nutmeg is significantly effective in lowering the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the first trimester and has an excellent acceptance rate. This product has the potential to be developed as a health intervention based on local Maluku spices.

Keywords: Maluku Spices, Nutmeg candy, Nauseous, Vomit, Pregnant Women.

ABSTRAK

Mual muntah pada trimester pertama kehamilan merupakan kondisi umum yang dialami oleh 50–70% ibu hamil dan berpotensi berkembang menjadi hyperemesis gravidarum jika tidak ditangani. Intervensi non-farmakologis berbasis kearifan lokal, seperti penggunaan buah pala (Myristica fragrans), menjadi alternatif yang menjanjikan karena sifatnya yang aman dan mudah diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi permen pala (Myristica fragrans) sebagai terapi komplementer terhadap intensitas mual muntah pada ibu hamil trimester pertama serta mengetahui tingkat penerimaan responden terhadap permen pala. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pre–post test. Sampel sebanyak 35 ibu hamil trimester pertama yang mengalami mual muntah ringan–sedang dipilih secara purposive sampling di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Perawatan Laimu dan Puskesmas Tehua, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Intervensi berupa konsumsi permen pala sebanyak 3 kali sehari selama 7 hari. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala PUQE untuk menilai intensitas mual muntah dan kuesioner hedonik untuk menilai penerimaan produk. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji paired t-test. Rata-rata skor mual muntah menurun dari 2,57 (pre-test) menjadi 1,11 (post-test) dengan nilai p=0,000, menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Sebanyak 94,2% responden menyatakan sangat menyukai permen pala, menunjukkan tingkat penerimaan yang tinggi terhadap produk. Permen pala efektif secara signifikan dalam menurunkan intensitas mual muntah pada ibu hamil trimester pertama dan memiliki tingkat penerimaan yang sangat baik. Produk ini berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai intervensi kesehatan berbasis rempah lokal Maluku.

Kata Kunci: Rempah Maluku, Permen Pala, Mual, Muntah, Ibu Hamil.