Pendekatan Holistik Pada Fenomena Racun Sangga Menekankan Keseimbangan Mind Body Soul Dalam Pelayanan Keperawatan Modern
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ABSTRACT
The holistic nursing approach emphasises a comprehensive understanding of human beings, encompassing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. In the context of Kalimantan society, the phenomenon of Racun Sangga presents a unique challenge because it involves interactions between cultural beliefs and modern medical interpretations. This study aims to (1) identify the Racun Sangga phenomenon from medical (body), psychological (mind), and spiritual (soul) perspectives in holistic nursing care, and (2) analyse the influence of Kalimantan society's culture on practice. The research method used a phenomenological and ethnographic approach, through in-depth interviews and live-in. In-depth interviews were conducted with nine informants consisting of doctors, psychologists, spiritual experts, traditional healers, victims, and live-in in one of the villages in Kalimantan. The results of the study show that medically, Racun Sangga is understood as a symptom with biological aetiology; psychologically, it appears as a perceptual or psychosomatic disorder caused by fear and emotional pressure; while spiritually, it is considered a real metaphysical attack by the community. Local culture has been proven to greatly influence the perception of illness and patterns of seeking treatment, where the community first conducts magic-based self-diagnosis before seeking medical help. In conclusion, the Racun Sangga phenomenon is a multidimensional experience that encompasses body–mind–soul interactions and demonstrates that Kalimantan culture plays a dominant role in shaping the beliefs, responses, and health behaviours of the community. The implication is that modern nursing services must integrate cultural competence, medical interventions, psychological support, and ethical spiritual approaches to provide effective and culturally sensitive care.
Keywords: Holistic Nursing, Kalimantan Culture, Racun Sangga, Black Magic.
ABSTRAK
Pendekatan keperawatan holistik menekankan pemahaman manusia secara menyeluruh mencakup aspek fisik, psikologis, sosial, dan spiritual. Dalam konteks masyarakat Kalimantan, fenomena Racun Sangga menjadi tantangan unik karena melibatkan interaksi antara keyakinan budaya dan interpretasi medis modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi fenomena Racun Sangga dari sudut pandang medis (body), psikologis (mind), dan spiritual (soul) dalam pelayanan keperawatan holistik, serta (2) menganalisis pengaruh budaya masyarakat Kalimantan terhadap praktik. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dan etnografi, melalui wawancara mendalam dan live-in. Wawancara mendalam dengan sembilan informan yang terdiri dari dokter, psikolog, ahli spiritual, dukun, korban serta live-in di di salah satu desa yang ada di kalimantan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara medis Racun Sangga dipahami sebagai gejala yang memiliki etiologi biologis, secara psikologis muncul sebagai gangguan persepsi atau psikosomatis akibat ketakutan dan tekanan emosional, sedangkan secara spiritual dianggap sebagai serangan metafisik yang nyata oleh masyarakat. Budaya lokal terbukti sangat memengaruhi persepsi sakit dan pola pencarian pengobatan, di mana masyarakat lebih dahulu melakukan self-diagnosis berbasis magis sebelum mencari bantuan medis. Kesimpulannya, bahwa fenomena Racun Sangga merupakan pengalaman multidimensi yang mencakup interaksi body–mind–soul dan melalui bukti bahwa budaya Kalimantan memiliki peran dominan dalam membentuk keyakinan, respons, dan perilaku kesehatan masyarakat. Implikasinya, pelayanan keperawatan modern harus mengintegrasikan kompetensi budaya, intervensi medis, dukungan psikologis, serta pendekatan spiritual yang etis untuk memberikan asuhan yang efektif dan sensitif budaya.
Kata Kunci: Keperawatan Holistik, Budaya Kalimantan, Racun Sangga, Santet.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i8.24074
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