Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut sebagai Determinan Kepuasan dan Loyalitas Pasien: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
Sari
ABSTRACT
Oral and dental health is an integral component of overall health and plays a significant role in determining individuals’ quality of life. The high prevalence of oral and dental diseases globally and nationally indicates persistent challenges in delivering high-quality, patient-centered dental health services. Service quality is widely recognized as a crucial factor in enhancing patient satisfaction and fostering patient loyalty toward dental healthcare facilities. This study aimed to synthesize scientific evidence on the influence of oral and dental healthcare service quality on patient satisfaction and loyalty. Articles published between 2015 and 2025 were systematically reviewed using the Google Scholar, GARUDA, and PubMed databases. This study followed a systematic review design in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted using combinations of keywords related to service quality, oral and dental health services, patient satisfaction, and patient loyalty. Article selection involved the stages of identification, screening, and full-text eligibility assessment. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP), and eligible studies were synthesized narratively. The literature search identified 698 articles, of which 15 studies were included for in-depth analysis after the screening process. The findings consistently demonstrated that the quality of oral and dental healthcare services has a significant effect on patient satisfaction, particularly through dimensions such as professional competence, communication quality, empathy, and facility comfort. patient satisfaction emerged as a key determinant of patient loyalty, reflected in revisit intentions and willingness to recommend services. Importantly, patient satisfaction functioned as a critical mediating variable linking service quality and patient loyalty.
Keywords: Service Quality, Oral and Dental Health Services, Patient Satisfaction, Patient Loyalty.
ABSTRAK
Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan bagian integral dari kesehatan umum dan berkontribusi penting terhadap kualitas hidup individu. Tingginya prevalensi penyakit gigi dan mulut menunjukkan masih adanya tantangan dalam penyediaan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang bermutu dan berorientasi pada pasien. Mutu pelayanan diyakini berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pasien serta membentuk loyalitas pasien terhadap fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai pengaruh mutu pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap kepuasan dan loyalitas pasien. Artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2015 dan 2025 ditinjau secara sistematis menggunakan basis data Google Scholar, GARUDA, dan PubMed. Studi ini mengikuti desain tinjauan sistematis sesuai dengan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci yang berkaitan dengan kualitas layanan, layanan kesehatan mulut dan gigi, kepuasan pasien, dan loyalitas pasien. Seleksi artikel melibatkan tahapan identifikasi, penyaringan, dan penilaian kelayakan teks lengkap. Penilaian kualitas metodologis dilakukan menggunakan Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan lolos penilaian kualitas disintesis secara naratif. Hasil penelusuran memperoleh 698 artikel, dan setelah proses seleksi diperoleh 15 artikel yang dianalisis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa mutu pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pasien, serta kepuasan pasien berperan sebagai determinan utama loyalitas pasien. Kepuasan pasien terbukti menjadi mediator kunci yang menghubungkan mutu pelayanan dengan loyalitas pasien. Peningkatan mutu pelayanan yang berorientasi pada pasien menjadi strategi penting dalam meningkatkan keberlanjutan dan daya saing layanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut.
Kata Kunci: Mutu Pelayanan, Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut, Kepuasan Pasien, Loyalitas Pasien.
Teks Lengkap:
Download ArtikelReferensi
Akbar, M. And Nanda, M. (2021) ‘Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Permintaan Pelayanan Kesehatan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Depati Bahrin Kabupaten Bangka’. Equity: Jurnal Ekonomi 9, 38–50
Al-Assaf, K., Bahroun, Z., Ahmed, V., Al-Assaf, K., Bahroun, Z., And Ahmed, V. (2024) ‘Transforming Service Quality In Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review Of Healthcare 4.0 And Its Impact On Healthcare Service Quality’. Informatics [Online] 11 (4). Available From [22 December 2025]
Aldossary, M.S., Alahmary, M.A., Almutawaa, M.M., Alhajri, S.M., Almalki, A.O., Alharbi, K.A., Almuaddi, A.M., And Dalatony, M.M.E. (2023) ‘Patient Satisfaction In Dental Healthcare Settings At Saudi Ministry Of Health: A Descriptive Study’. Patient Preference And Adherence [Online] 17, 2377. Available From [16 December 2025]
Ali, D.A. (2019) ‘Patient Satisfaction In Dental Healthcare Centers’. European Journal Of Dentistry [Online] 10, 309–314. Available From [16 December 2025]
Alomari, F., Alomari, C. Equally To This Work With: F., And Hamid, A.B.A. (2022) ‘Strategies To Improve Patient Loyalty And Medication Adherence In Syrian Healthcare Setting: The Mediating Role Of Patient Satisfaction’. Plos One [Online] 17 (11). Available From [19 April 2024]
Chairunisa, F., Ramadhani, A., Takehara, S., Thwin, K.M., Tun, T.Z., Okubo, H., Hanindriyo, L., Bramantoro, T., And Ogawa, H. (2024) ‘Oral Health Status And Oral Healthcare System In Indonesia: A Narrative Review’. Journal Of International Society Of Preventive & Community Dentistry [Online] 14 (5), 352–364. Available From [16 December 2025]
Dalatony, M.M.E., Alshareef, R.I., Alkahtani, A.R., Alhajri, S.M., Alhumaidany, T.M., Alqarni, W.A., Almuaddi, A.M., And Aldossary, M.S. (2023) ‘Patient Satisfaction As A Determinant Of Patient Loyalty To The Dentist In Dental Clinics’. Journal Of Patient Experience [Online] 10, 23743735231166504. Available From [16 December 2025]
Damanik, F.A. And Setyawan, A.R.T. (2022) ‘Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan, Kepuasan Dan Kepercayaan Pasien Terhadap Behavioural Intention Pada Klinik Gigi Dentes Provinsi Diy’. Jpek (Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Kewirausahaan) [Online] 6 (1), 103–117. Available From [16 December 2025]
Dayan, M., Al Kuwaiti, I.A., Husain, Z., Ng, P.Y., And Dayan, A. (2022) ‘Factors Influencing Patient Loyalty To Outpatient Medical Services: An Empirical Analysis Of The Uae’s Government Healthcare System’. The International Journal Of Quality & Reliability Management [Online] 39 (1), 176–203. Available From [19 April 2024]
Donabedian, A. (1988) ‘The Quality Of Care. How Can It Be Assessed?’ Jama 260 (12), 1743–1748
Fairaq, M., Afeef, M.A., Ashi, H.M., Natto, Z.S., Subahi, R.H., Alattas, K.G., And Binhuraib, H.M. (2025) ‘Patient Satisfaction And Loyalty: Key Drivers Of Positive Word-Of-Mouth In Dental Primary Care Within Jeddah First Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia’. Journal Of Patient Experience [Online] 12, 23743735251360576. Available From [16 December 2025]
Ferreira, D.C., Vieira, I., Pedro, M.I., Caldas, P., And Varela, M. (2023) ‘Patient Satisfaction With Healthcare Services And The Techniques Used For Its Assessment: A Systematic Literature Review And A Bibliometric Analysis’. Healthcare [Online] 11 (5), 639. Available From [16 December 2025]
George, A. And Sahadevan, J. (2024) ‘What Determines Behavioural Intention In Health Services? A Four-Stage Loyalty Model’. Rajagiri Management Journal [Online] 18 (2), 180–197. Available From [19 April 2024]
Heskett, J.L., Sasser, W.E., And Schlesinger, L. (1997) The Service Profit Chain: How Leading Companies Link Profit And Growth To Loyalty, Satisfaction, And Value. New York, Ny: The Free Press
Intzes, W. And Nuangjamnong, C. (2024) ‘Factors Influencing Patient Loyalty Towards Dental Care Providers – Residents In Bangkok, Thailand’. Au-Gsb E-Journal [Online] 17 (1). Available From [21 April 2024]
Kemenkes Ri (2025) Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2024. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
Latif, P.A.A. And Djasri, H. (2023) ‘Hubungan Kualitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi Dan Mulut Dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Dan Disparitas Kepuasan Pasien Di Puskesmas Kabupaten Pemalang’. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan (The Indonesian Journal Of Health Service Management) [Online] 26 (2). Available From [16 December 2025]
Luo, H. (2023) ‘Determinants Of Patients’ Behavioral Intention And Loyalty In Private Hospitals In Chengdu, China’. Scholar [Online] 15 (2), 149–158. Available From [19 April 2024]
Luo, J.Y.N., Liu, P.P., And Wong, M.C.M. (2018) ‘Patients’ Satisfaction With Dental Care: A Qualitative Study To Develop A Satisfaction Instrument’. Bmc Oral Health [Online] 18 (1), 15. Available From [16 December 2025]
Maramis, J.L., Yuliana, N.M., And Tobeonda, F.I. (2023) ‘Dental And Oral Health Services On Patient Satisfaction At The Dental Clinic In Increasing Patient Satisfaction’. Jdht Journal Of Dental Hygiene And Therapy [Online] 4 (1), 18–24. Available From [16 December 2025]
Nguyen, N.X., Tran, K., And Nguyen, T.A. (2021) ‘Impact Of Service Quality On In-Patients’ Satisfaction, Perceived Value, And Customer Loyalty: A Mixed-Methods Study From A Developing Country’. Patient Preference And Adherence [Online] 15, 2523–2538. Available From [22 December 2025]
Nguyen, T.L.H. And Nagase, K. (2021) ‘Patient Satisfaction And Loyalty To The Healthcare Organization’. International Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Healthcare Marketing [Online] 15 (4), 496–515. Available From [19 April 2024]
Nurhasanah, F., Suryani, L., Wirza, W., And Wilis, R. (2025) ‘Hubungan Layanan Kesehatan Gigi Dan Mulut Dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Di Rsgm Prima Medan Tahun 2024’. Nasuwakes: Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah [Online] 18 (1), 18–27. Available From [16 December 2025]
Nuryanti, N., Paramarta, V., And Rahmiyati, A.L. (2025) ‘The Effect Of Service Quality On Patient Loyalty Through Patient Satisfaction At The Dental And Oral Clinic Of Mitra Kasih Hospital Cimahi’. Jpk : Jurnal Proteksi Kesehatan [Online] 14 (1), 7–16. Available From [16 December 2025]
Pratami, J.F., Gaffar, V., Dirgantari, P.D., Furqon, C., And Maryati, M. (2023) ‘Managing Patient Loyalty Through Digital Patient Experience’. Journal Of Eastern European And Central Asian Research [Online] 10 (4), 620–629. Available From [19 April 2024]
Siagian, A.N., Girsang, E., And Siregar, S.D. (2024) ‘Analisis Kualitas Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan (Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy) Pada Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Royal Prima, Medan’. Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan [Online] 9 (2), 9–15. Available From [22 December 2025]
Slarmanat, I.I.S., Pertiwi, J.M., And Kaunang, W.P.J. (2025) ‘Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi Dan Mulut Terhadap Kunjungan Pasien Di Puskesmas Tepa’. Jurnal Ners [Online] 9 (3), 5276–5280. Available From [16 December 2025]
Syaher, F. And Bahri, R.S. (2025) The Influence Of Service Quality, Price, And Customer Satisfaction As A Mediation On Patient Revisit Intention At Oris Dental Aesthetic Pangkalan Kerinci-Riau | American Journal Of Economic And Management Business (Ajemb). [Online] Available From [16 December 2025]
Szabó, R.M., Buzás, N., Braunitzer, G., Shedlin, M.G., And Antal, M.Á. (2023) ‘Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction And Loyalty As Perceived By Dentists And Their Patients’. Dentistry Journal [Online] 11 (9). Available From [19 April 2024]
Tiyas, E.E.S. (2022) ‘Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Dan Loyalitas Pasien Poli Gigi Rs. Sentosa Siloam Bekasi’. Journal Of Applied Management Research [Online] 2 (1), 21–29. Available From [16 December 2025]
Wencheslaus, L., Mtaya-Mlangwa, M., And Sohal, K.S. (2024) ‘Patients’ Satisfaction With Oral Health Care Provided At The University Dental Clinic In Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study’. Health Science Reports [Online] 7 (5), E2101. Available From [16 December 2025]
Wibowo, H.K. And Junaedi, S. (2020) ‘The Impact Of Service Quality, Patient Satisfaction, And Trust On Positive Word Of Mouth (Wom) Of Dental Clinic’s Patients’. Journal Of International Conference Proceedings 2 (3)
World Health Organization (2025) Oral Health [Online] Available From [16 December 2025]
World Health Organization (2023) Oral Health Country Profile. Geneva: World Health Organization
Wulandari, N., Paramarta, V., And Purwanda, E. (2024) ‘The Influence Of Service Quality On Patient Satisfaction And Loyalty In The Clinic: A Systematic Review’. Berajah Journal [Online] 4 (5), 1075–1086. Available From [16 December 2025]
Zahara, R. (2024) ‘The Effect Of Service Quality On Trust And Its Implications For Patient Loyalty’. Dinasti International Journal Of Economics, Finance & Accounting [Online] 5 (2), 368–384. Available From [16 December 2025]
Zehra, S., Ranjan, J., And Shukla, M. (2025) ‘Service Quality In Healthcare: Understanding The Relationship Between Patient Experience And Healthcare Outcomes’. International Journal Of Health Care Quality Assurance [Online] 38 (4), 233–250. Available From [22 December 2025]
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i8.24155
Refbacks
- Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.
Publisher: Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Semua artikel dapat digunakan dibawah lisensi Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License


Panduan Penulisan





