Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) dan Daun Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Ni Kadek Aristi Widhiari, Halia Wanadiatri, Abdillah Adipatria Budi Azhar, Setio Rini

Sari


ABSTRACT

 

Antibacterial Activity Test of the Combination of Ethanol Extracts of Taro Leaves (Colocasia esculenta L.) and Kopasanda Leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus. Wound infections remain a common health issue in society and can increase the risk of infection, often caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. While infections are generally treated with antibiotics, long-term and irrational use has led to resistance. This condition has prompted the development of alternative or complementary antibacterial agents, including the use of natural ingredients. Taro leaves (Colocasia esculenta L.) and Kopasanda leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds with the potential to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts from taro leaves, kopasanda leaves, and their combination against Staphylococcus aureus. This research is a true experimental laboratory study featuring five treatment groups: 100% taro leaf single extract, 100% kopasanda leaf single extract, a 50%:50% extract combination, clindamycin as a positive control, and distilled water as a negative control. The antibacterial activity test was conducted using the disc diffusion method, with interpretation based on the Davis and Stout (1971) criteria. The characterization of the extract combination was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the taro leaf extract produced an average inhibition zone diameter of 0.7 mm (weak), kopasanda leaf extract 12.8 mm (strong), the extract combination 9.4 mm (moderate), the positive control 23 mm (very strong), and the negative control 0 mm (resistant). GC-MS analysis identified 17 compounds, with 1-hentetracontanol as the dominant compound. This study concludes that the combination of ethanol extracts from taro and kopasanda leaves possesses antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Although its activity is lower than that of the single kopasanda leaf extract, these findings indicate the potential of local natural materials as antibacterial agents.

 

Keywords: Antibacterial, Staphylococcus Aureus, Taro Leaves, Siam Weed Leaves, Ethanol Extract. 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) Dan Daun Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Infeksi luka masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang sering terjadi di masyarakat dan dapat meningkatkan risiko infeksi, salah satunya disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penanganan infeksi umumnya menggunakan antibiotik, namun penggunaan jangka panjang dan tidak rasional menyebabkan resistensi. Kondisi ini mendorong pengembangan agen antibakteri alternatif atau sebagai terapi komplementer, salah satunya dengan penggunaan bahan alam. Daun talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) dan daun kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) diketahui mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun talas, daun kopasanda, serta kombinasi keduanya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini merupakan true experimental laboratories dengan lima kelompok perlakuan, yaitu ekstrak tunggal daun talas 100%, ekstrak tunggal daun kopasanda 100%, kombinasi ekstrak 50%:50%, kontrol positif klindamisin, dan kontrol negatif akuades. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram, dengan interpretasi berdasarkan kriteria Davis dan Stout (1971). Karakterisasi senyawa kombinasi ekstrak dianalisis menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun talas menghasilkan diameter zona hambat rata-rata 0,7 mm (lemah), ekstrak daun kopasanda 12,8 mm (kuat), kombinasi ekstrak 9,4 mm (sedang), kontrol positif 23 mm (sangat kuat), dan kontrol negatif 0 mm (resisten). Analisis GC-MS mengidentifikasi 17 senyawa dengan senyawa dominan 1-hentetracontanol. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun talas dan daun kopasanda memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Meskipun aktivitasnya lebih rendah dibandingkan ekstrak tunggal daun kopasanda, temuan ini mengindikasikan potensi bahan alam lokal sebagai agen antibakteri.

 

Kata Kunci: Antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Daun Talas, Daun Kopasanda, Ekstrak Etanol.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v6i10.24862

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