Maternal And Perinatal Outcomes In Adolescent Mothers Referred To A Central Hospital In West Java Indonesia

Puspa Sari* -  Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Hartanto Bayuaji -  Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia, Indonesia
Dany Hilmanto -  Department of Child Health, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia, Indonesia
DOI : 10.33024/jkm.v9i3.10457

Latar Belakang: Angka persalinan remaja di dunia masih tinggi. Di Asia Tenggara, sekitar 6 juta remaja melahirkan setiap tahunnya, termasuk di Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Selain itu, beberapa kehamilan remaja dirujuk ke rumah sakit pusat untuk mendapatkan perawatan medis selama persalinan.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis luaran maternal dan perinatal yang merugikan pada remaja yang dirujuk ke rumah sakit pusat di Jawa Barat.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang dengan data sekunder, dikumpulkan dari remaja yang melahirkan di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Terdapat 517 ibu hamil yang dirujuk antara bulan Januari 2019 hingga Agustus 2020 untuk persalinan. Data dimasukkan, dibersihkan, dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 27.

Hasil: Analisis Chi-square menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara usia dengan preeklampsia, eklampsia, ketuban pecah dini (KPD), plasenta previa, dan komplikasi lainnya. Hasil yang paling umum menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan pada masa remaja adalah eklampsia (5,15%); KPD (23,18%); kelahiran prematur (23,60%); solusio plasenta (0,34%), dengan metode persalinan pervaginam terbanyak (65,24%).

Kesimpulan: Prevalensi eklamsia, KPD, kelahiran prematur, dan solusio plasenta lebih tinggi pada kehamilan remaja. Persalinan remaja menimbulkan banyak risiko dibandingkan dengan wanita dewasa.

Saran: Peran berbagai pihak sangat diperlukan untuk mencegah persalinan remaja mulai dari pelayanan kesehatan primer.

 

Kata Kunci: persalinan remaja; luaran ibu dan perinatal

 

ABSTRACT

 

Introduction: The number of adolescent birth in the world is still high. In South-East Asia, about 6 million adolescents give birth each year, including in West Java, Indonesia. Moreover, several adolescent pregnancies are referred to the central hospital to receive medical treatment during delivery.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes of adolescent mother referred to a central hospital in West Java.

Methode: This study was a cross sectional study with secondary data, gathered from adolescent who gave birth at Hasan Sadikin Hospital in West Java, Indonesia. There were 517 pregnant women referred between January 2019 to August 2020 for delivery. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed by using SPSS version 27.

Result: The Chi-square analysis showed a significant relationship between age and preeclampsia, eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), placenta previa, and other complications. The most common maternal outcomes showing a significant relationship in adolescence were eclampsia (5.15%); PROM (23.18%); preterm birth (23.60%); placental abruption (0.34%), with the most vaginal delivery method (65.24%).

Conclusion: Prevalence of eclampsia, PROM, preterm birth, and placenta abruption were higher in adolescent pregnancy. Adolescent childbirth poses many risks compared to adult women.

Suggestions: The role of various parties is needed to prevent adolescent childbirth start with primary healthcare.

 

Keyword: adolescent childbirth; maternal and perinatal outcomes

Keywords : adolescent childbirth; maternal and perinatal outcomes

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