The Relationship Of Antenatal Care Services With The Incident Of Low Birth Weight

Nita Merzalia* -  Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Ahmad Syafiq -  Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
DOI : 10.33024/jkm.v10i5.15271

Latar Belakang: Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI 2021) angka kejadian BBLR di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan 0,4% dari tahun 2018 yaitu dari 6,2% menjadi 6,6%. Pelayanan ANC dapat mengdientifikasi pelayanan yang diberikan kepada ibu hamil, termasuk penelusuran riwayat penyakit ibu, pemeriksaan tekanan darah, pemeriksaan anemia, pergerakan janin, tindakan pemberian suplementasi zat besi dan asam folat serta pendidikan kesehatan secara keseluruhan. Beberapa penelitian lain juga menunjukkan keterkaitan antara pelayanan ANC dengan kejadian BBLR.

Tujuan: Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pelayanan ANC dengan kejadian BBLR di Kabupaten Belitung tahun 2022.

Metode:  Desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) yang berlokasi penelitian 9 (sembilan) Puskesmas wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Belitung pada periode 1 Januari-31 Desember tahun 2022 yang tercatat di kohort ibu. Analisis menggunakan Uji Chi Square untuk melihat hubungan pelayanan ANC dengan kejadian BBLR. Derajat suatu hubungan diperoleh dengan ukuran asosiasi berupa odds ratio (OR).

Hasil: Didapatkan bahwa Berat Badan Lahir rendah (BBLR) yaitu 33 (10,6%). Ibu dengan jumlah kunjungan ANC tidak sesuai standar (OR=6,12 95% CI 2,44 – 15,31; P value <0,001); jumlah kualitas layanan ANC tidak sesuai standar (OR=5,32 95% CI 1,47 – 19,27; P value 0,021); komposit pelayanan ANC tidak sesuai standar (OR=5,59 95% CI 2,34 – 13,35; P value <0,001) berisiko melahirkan bayi BBLR dibanding dengan ibu yang memiliki pelayanan ANC sesuai standar.

Kesimpulan: Keberhasilan pelayanan ANC pada penelitian ini mendukung dalam menurunkan kejadian BBLR. Jumlah kunjungan, jumlah kualitas layanan ANC, dan komposit pelayanan ANC merupakan faktor yang baik untuk menurunkan kejadian BBLR. Disarankan bahwa peningkatan petugas kesehatan yang memberikan layanan ANC harus berupaya meningkatkan kelengkapan cakupan dan layanan ANC kepada seluruh ibu hamil.

Saran: fokus pada kualitas dan minimum kuantitas layanan ANC adalah suatu yang sangat penting untuk dicapai

 

Kata Kunci : BBLR, Kabupaten Belitung, Pelayanan Antenatal Care

 

ABSTRACT

 

Background: The Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI 2021) shows that the incidence of LBW in Indonesia has increased by 0.4% from 2018, namely from 6.2% to 6.6%. ANC services can identify the services provided to pregnant women, including tracing the mother's medical history, checking blood pressure, examining anemia, fetal movements, providing iron and folic acid supplementation and overall health education. Several other studies also show a link between ANC services and the incidence of LBW

Purpose:  This research aims to determine the relationship between ANC services and the incidence of LBW in Belitung Regency in 2022.

Methods:  Cross-sectional design with research locations in 9 (nine) Community Health Centers in the working area of the Belitung Regency Health Service in the period 1 January-31 December 2022 which were recorded in the maternal cohort. The analysis used the Chi Square Test to see the relationship between ANC services and the incidence of LBW. The degree of a relationship is obtained by measuring the association in the form of the odds ratio (OR).

Results: It was found that low birth weight (LBW) was 33 (10.6%). Mothers whose number of ANC visits did not meet the standard (OR=6.12 95% CI 2.44 – 15.31; P value <0.001); the number of ANC service qualities not up to standard (OR=5.32 95% CI 1.47 – 19.27; P value 0.021); composite ANC services that do not meet standards (OR=5.59 95% CI 2.34 – 13.35; P value <0.001) have a risk of giving birth to LBW babies compared to mothers who have ANC services that meet standards.

Conclusion: The success of ANC services in this study supports reducing the incidence of LBW. The number of visits, the quality of ANC services, and the composite of ANC services are good factors for reducing the incidence of LBW. It is recommended that an increase in health workers providing ANC services should strive to increase the completeness of ANC coverage and services to all pregnant women.

Suggestions; Antenatal care services can improve again.

 

Keywords:    LBW, Belitung Regency, Antenatal Care Services

 

 

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